(en) Anarkio.net: A-Infos #19 - Anarchism and Marxism + Anarchism and Association (pt)

Anarchism and Marxism ---- The basic difference between anarchism and Marxism is the 
perpetuation of state, the basic similarity is fighting capitalism. ---- There is no 
"Bakuninism" precisely because within anarchism not We have leaders, accept the fact so 
quiet that our philosophers also hit and miss, the biggest problem is when we direct 
criticism of Marxism and are burned at the stake in the same way that we burned by 
Christians or Catholics when we criticize the bible. In anarchism nobody is sacred, we 
must remain open to change, the ideal firm, yet flexible, because freedom is not something 
immutable or logical. --- Unfortunately I see a lot of Marxism thus unchanging, stuck in 
their logical. Undeniable contribution of Marx to economic thought, liberation from 
slavery of the proletariat and insight about capitalism itself.

However, the means to achieve this goal can not be closed,
Times have changed, people are organic, sociology is not a formula
mathematics. No anarchist, I believe, never tried to create a formula
for revolution, we know we need to end the capital, with the church and
with the state, but to impose freedom by dictatorships is a huge
contradiction, and say more, trying to define a "plan" for a free society is
imprison the same, especially when this plane is defined by a single
man, in the case Marx.

Similarly we must filter out much of what Bakunin said, we
filter out much of the Marx said, because his thinking was about freedom
extremely limited. Importantly, we should also respect the
Marx's writings as a contribution to the anti-capitalist thought.
Anarchists and Marxists are enemies?

History shows numerous betrayals by the Marxists, beginning
by own rug pulled from Bakunin against Marx in international
blows supporters, black red block against block currently in Greece. Difficult
answer that, I would say that depends on the Marxist and that depends on the
anarchist, but I'm sure that between the two there can be a dialogue, something
that makes it impossible for example, between an anarchist and a fascist. The ends
seem to be the same, but the means for us anarchists are so
important as the ends, we can not achieve freedom in using the
coercion, the state, for us, is an evil to be fought, perhaps as large
as the capital and the church. Distrust of a Marxist about anarchism
is "how can there be equality without a body controller" distrust of a
Anarchist on Marxism is "how can there be equality and freedom with
control about a third of your life? "

Until the day of the revolution, continue our struggles, our conversations also
should continue, but I believe that freedom is never an anarchist
Chained, we never kneel to anyone, neither God nor the State!

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Anarchism and Association

International Workers
Anarchist ideas, also known as
Libertarian socialism (which arises in the design AIT)
because it is precisely the counterpoint of socialism
centralizer, said "authoritarian" (already mentioned
above) does not have a defined point of
origin or place of birth.

Societies where freedom and the free
association are a strong point, can be
considered aspects of anarchists. One
their strongest features is its permanent
transformation, its dynamics in the aspect
freedom is present.

Libertarian socialism wins a body told
with theoretical conceptions worked, however
in the nineteenth century (perhaps by increasing scientism that
is high), with Pierre-Joseph thinkers
Proudhon (French), Mikhail Bakunin (Russian), Pietr
Kropotkin (Russian), these being the ones that
highlighted in theoretical work and also in action,
practicing their ideas. Of course there are other
exponents (Thoreau, Tolstoy, Malatesta, etc.) and
primarily a large group of newspapers
diffusion and popular.

Proudhon was the first to call himself
anarchist, trying to give the term a
positive characteristic and mild (anarchy
just means no government, was and still is used
as well as an unordered and social chaos to
which government, whatever, right or
left, tries to avoid and thus maintain a supposed
order or shape retention Society
that is, keeping his willingness to evolution
gradual) that correspond to a free society
no state and free associations
consumers and producers in a relationship of mutual
help and solidarity, where his supporters say was mutual, the
transformation of society would be a mild form, and would
possible coexistence of both systems (mutualism and capitalism) in
transition. Proudhon was a self-taught thinker who developed works
important, high-impact as What is Property?, where demand
show the property as the agent of inequality in all spheres of
society and a pathological element to human development. Among other
works, Systems of Economic Contradictions, or Philosophy of Poverty, where
develops a deep analysis of capitalist society, is known for
be the target of the wrath of Karl Marx, then still little-known element in the media
workers and especially in France, writing to unsuccessful critical
Poverty of Philosophy, where he tries to show the errors of Proudhon, unsuccessful
for this work is unable to unlink your personal differences with
Proudhon and produce it more with the emotion of anger than by reason of
curious and thought of all this, is that the work of Proudhon who initiated the
controversy goes almost unnoticed, losing the opportunity to
understanding of why the argument of Marx. Proudhon already had a
respect in political circles, was elected parliamentary representative of Lion and was
recognized in intellectual circles for his radical positions.
He participated in the Paris riots of 1848, and was imprisoned by Napoleon III. Very
Sick, is not participating in the formation of AIT (International Association of
Workers, also known as First International) in 1864 in
England, and died a year later.

The AIT is an association founded mainly from workers
French and English, without specifying a section that directs (his
political positioning vai developing in Congress who were 5 to
whole, being the first in Geneva in 1866 [with 46 delegates from countries
France, England, Switzerland, Germany]), the second in 1867 in Lausanne, Switzerland
with 64 delegates, already added Italy1 and delegates from Belgium, the third in
1868, with 100 delegates in Brussels (adding Spain), the fourth in
1869 in Basel with 78 delegates (added Austria, USA) and the last in
1872 in The Hague, although with 65 delegates, 15 countries were represented.
You could say that AIT was a big umbrella where diverse conceptions
Theoretical tried to coalesce in order to develop an instrument
struggle and resistance in entering the working world, their main
is characteristic imprint pamphleteer (but not stuck to it) and the elements
forming his paintings (sections) were generally of little organizations
inserted in the worker (the larger sections were located in Italy and
Spain). It is seen also in their congress the most different aspects of
worker and socialist thought: mazzinistas, fouristas, Blanquists,
Proudhonists, Marxists and other elements from different ideological lines.
With the development of AIT, these groups will be united around
two different conceptions of socialism, a centralized structure and
vertical (known as authoritarian and headed by Marx), and another
decentralization and horizontal (aka libertarian). Common positions
AIT were as follows:-reduction of working hours (from 10 to 12 hours
for 8 hours a day, - the right to strike;-emancipation of the worker by him
same;-against child labor and female; - for cooperative work, etc.).
Is this AIT, which highlights a new and libertarian polemic figure, Mikhail
Bakunin.

A man of great stature, exaggerated habits (eating, drinking and
smoked a lot) of great revolutionary activity, more engaged in action
revolutionary than developing revolutionary theories. Is it going to be
forward libertarians against authoritarian background with the figure of Karl
Marx, who always works behind the scenes at AIT (he belonged to executive
AIT), which seeks to shed this image saying the famous phrase of not being
Marxist (because at that time, a rough interpretation of what Marx
had, after all not everyone had the intellectual gifts for her
understanding).

In early 1871, Marx calls a conference of AIT, where demand
present the idea of ??the need to establish targeted by parties
AIT worldwide. This idea was against the sovereignty and autonomy of the sections and
was promptly rejected.

Bakunin and his supporters were expelled from the Congress of the Hague
pretext of conspiracy against AIT (Bakunin was accused by the executive
AIT to be spy agent of the Tsar), a fact which was denied and sent an AIT
apology and reinstatement of Bakunin, which he burned. The seat was
moved to New York in 1872, through the work of Karl Marx, trying
decrease the influence of libertarians in the deliberations of AIT, dwarfing it. The
AIT, ending in mid-1876. (Continued in next issue)