France, Alternative Libertaire AL #253 (Oct) - international, Hungary Construction of a fascist state

(en) France, Alternative Libertaire AL #253 (Oct) -
international, Hungary Construction of a fascist state (fr, it, pt)
[machine translation]

Hungary is governed by a party, Fidesz, comparable to the FN, as he has shown in recent 
weeks in its "management" of the crisis odious migrants. The result is the progressive 
construction, incomplete for now but based on insured bases, from authoritarian rule 
tending towards fascism. Inventory. ---- In July 2014, Viktor Orban, Hungarian Prime 
Minister, described in these terms its political project: "The Hungarian nation is not a 
simple sum of individuals but a community to be organized, strengthened and built. In this
sense, the new state that we are building in Hungary is illiberal." ---- Orban defended 
the idea by saying that the future - as a last resort in a context of economic crisis - 
was to authoritarian States, and cited as examples China, India, Singapore, Russia and 
Turkey. A year later, we can make an inventory of how the right-wing ruling party - the 
Fidesz - gradually built a fascist state.

Conservative and nationalist Mue

Fidesz was founded in the 1980s, thanks to the opening of the socialist system, which 
allowed the creation of opposition parties. Fidesz, whose acronym means "Alliance of Young 
Democrats" was a young party, the dynamic image, focused on defending the free market and 
representative democracy.

During the 1990s, facing repeated electoral setbacks, the party begins a conservative and 
nationalist molting bringing the once in a coalition government between 1998 and 2002. The 
decisive step took place in 2006 when the Socialist Prime Minister , Gyurcsany is filmed 
without his knowledge in a lecture given to executives of his party, saying that his party 
had since 2002 "lied morning, noon lied, lied in the evening". Ensued several days of 
protests and riots, largely led by fascist groups, claiming - sign of the extreme 
confusion of the Hungarian political life - celebrate in October 1956, became a suitably 
patriotic struggle for national liberation! If Gyurcsany resigns, the Socialist Party 
remains in power until 2010.

Fidesz event
In Budapest in March 2007. cc Habeebee
A Fidesz family
cc Habeebee
In 2010, Fidesz wins unsurprisingly parliamentary elections, gaining a majority of over 
two-thirds vote, which gave him including the power to amend the Constitution. Regarding 
the parliamentary game, the new Constitution - called basic law and adopted in April 2011 
- locks any subsequent legislative process, reducing the powers of the Constitutional 
Court, but mainly by adding to the thirty-nine Constitution fundamental laws organizing 
public life country modifiable only two thirds of the National Assembly.

This ensures Fidesz, playing on contradictions, not a tune of bourgeois parliamentarism. 
On new technocratic bodies Fidesz introduces, through these basic laws, various 
commissions and offices - National Judicial Office, Media Authority, for example - 
populated technocrats selected on the sole criterion of loyalty to Orban. Lock 
parliamentarism, promotion of omnipotent and partisan technocratic institutions: no need 
to tackle head at such a dummy opponent bourgeois democracy, it is sufficient to build a 
fascist state, its institutions emptied of their meaning.

National Mystique

The ideology carried by the Fidesz is explained in the preamble of the new constitution. 
His address, "God save the Hungarians! "Is explicit. Then a historical naturalizes the 
Hungarian community, referring in particular to "the values of the Carpathian Basin that 
nature has given and that man has designed." In the same vein, one can note the promotion 
of a Hungarian language "original" in fact an invention of a Hungarian pseudo-science of 
the late nineteenth century, believed to have been the language of the first Hungarians 
arrived in the Carpathian Basin in the eighth century: one can thus see at the entrance of 
villages held by the right, the name of the city written in the Latin alphabet and ... 
runes, alphabet called rovàsiràs!

It must then note the rehabilitation of the major figures of the period Horthy, 
proto-fascist authoritarian Marshal 1930s that made the bed Hungarian Nazis: this is how 
the government supports post-mortem entry to the Academy of Sciences historian Balint 
Homan, minister under Horthy and pushed his anti-Semitism typical of aristocratic circles 
up openly and publicly support the Arrow Cross, the Hungarian Nazi installed by the 
Germans in 1944.

The Marshal Horthy
With Adolf Hitler in Berlin in 1938.
Politics of difference

This national mystical necessarily articulates with the scapegoating. The traditional goat 
emissary in Hungary is the Gypsy community. Even before the arrival in power of Fidesz, 
six Roma have been murdered in Hungary between January 2008 and August 2009. In 2011, the 
Hungarian Guard fascist militia parades organized in paramilitary clothing in various 
Gypsy settlements, including occupation of not less two weeks in the village of Gyöngyöspata.

Fidesz has for weeks to condemn parades. But close to the regime do not think less: early 
2013, one of the founders of the party, the journalist Zsolt Mayer, called in the columns 
of Magyar Hirlap to. "Eliminate gypsy animals" Today it is migrants focus all attacks of 
government: poster campaigns target, and in a speech in late July 2015, Orban threatened 
Hungary to become "a huge refugee camp, a sort of Marseille Central European" and 
materialize his vision by building a 175 km wall along the Hungarian border to protect the 
invasion "from the depths of Africa".

The protofasciste vision of the difference with a global coherence, sexism and 
LGBT-phobias are never far away. Fidesz has enrolled in the Basic Law would have 
appreciated a tirade Civitas: "Every human being has the right to life and human dignity, 
it should defend the life of the embryo from conception. "And for LGBT Fidesz Budapest 
Mayor István Tarlós considered recently that homosexuality was nothing less than" against 
nature and repulsive. "

Propaganda

This dynamic construction of a fascist state through increased propaganda effort. One of 
the first measures taken by the government at the end of 2010, was the creation of a 
National Authority for the Media and Communication (NMHH). The media are obliged to 
correct the information which the Authority considers "erroneous", on pain of imposition 
of a heavy fine (700 000 for television and radio stations, 91 000 euros for the press).

The judicial appeal is possible only once the "mistake" corrected or the fine paid. Once 
silenced opposition, propaganda has made since the beginning of the most direct year 2015, 
with two sets of display campaigns. A first in response to the arrival of migrants since 
January, saying to migrants, in Hungarian: "If you come to Hungary, do not take the work 
of Hungarians. "A second, more general, boasted in July government reforms -" The 
Hungarian GDP has grown faster than the EU "- and handed in a layer on migrants -" We do 
not want illegal immigrants " , all with an aesthetic of 2.0 propaganda slogans that 
appear in bubbles so texting.

Brown shirts

There is not - again - in Hungary organized repression of the opposition system. However, 
a number of fascist militias operating with impunity, organized by the different political 
forces working for the right Fidesz and bully towards the Roma minority in particular, but 
also against some activists. The Hungarian Guard, the strongest of these militias, was 
founded in 2007 and has several thousand members. Near the Jobbik parliamentary fascist
party with 17% of the vote in parliamentary elections, says it wants to "defend Hungary 
physically, morally and intellectually."

This is one of the organizers of paramilitary marches in Roma neighborhoods in recent 
years. Other skinhead groups have grown rapidly in recent years, as HVIM, youth movement 
of the 64 counties, referring to the territory of Hungary before World War II, reduced by 
the Treaty of Trianon in 1919. This group notably organized a rally in Budapest against 
migrants, openly promising to hunt down migrants to the Serbian border, "where the police 
are less busy protect them."

The Hungarian Guard
The fascist militia close to Jobbik, during a parade April 4th, 2011, in the village of 
Hejoszalonta to denounce the "Gypsy crime". DC Leigh Phillips
Speaker of Jobbik
On April 4, 2011, to Hejoszalonta. DC Leigh Phillips
Agnes Daroczi activist for Roma rights
Under police protection, part of the population of Hejoszalonta organized a rally-against. 
DC Leigh Phillips
Besides the Gypsies and migrants, activists are threatened by the militias: Andrea and 
Giuliano, Italian LGBT rights activist, was violently attacked early July in the center of 
Budapest, after causing at a Gay Pride group nationalist bikers last year, which earned 
him even before the attack, various threats and intimidation.

Officially, the Orban government adopts a position of facing the bully EU, multinationals 
in Hungary and international finance. Specify, if need be, that fascism in the making in 
Hungary adapts really well to the requirements of the bourgeoisie and, even more, shows a
very docile agent of the reproduction of capital.

On the monetary side, the Hungarian Central Bank is headed by a very close Orban, György 
Matolcsy, which applies the classic recipes of neoliberalism: inflation control, 
limitation of interest rates, control of the deficit below 3 %.

Viktor Orban, Hungarian Prime Minister
At the congress of the European People's Party (EPP), which is affiliated Fidesz, in 
October 2012.
To compensate for this, Orban shows a faithful servant of capitalist interests: the 
government plans to privatize 400,000 hectares of arable land currently owned by the 
State, 10% of the total, 240 billion forint (less than 1 billion euros ); He also 
announced the end of the summer for the privatization of 330 billion forint of State 
property, without specifying which. Similarly, the urbanization of Budapest matches all 
canons of capitalist urbanization gentrification of neighborhoods pericentral, development 
of the Danube docks with ultra-modern buildings, mass evictions in Roma neighborhoods.

The Hungarian bourgeoisie with its small contradictions, a scandal recently erupted with 
the sling of a great capitalist, Simicska billionaire enriched during the post-communist 
transition period and eminence grise of Fidesz since the 1980s The big boss, including a 
press group, did not like the proposed 5% tax on advertising revenue of the Hungarian 
press. Ungrateful, he seems to have forgotten that the government has allocated to its 
construction group nearly 40% of public contracts from funds of the European Union ...

What resistance?

The resistors are unfortunately not many. This is due to several factors. On the one hand, 
the complete discrediting of the Socialist Party, linked to the neoliberal policy during 
its mandates since 2002 and even more corruption scandal unveiled in 2006 and behind the 
meteoric rise of Fidesz.

On the other hand, the disintegration of the trade union field, unable to structure 
consistently since the regime change. Finally, the absence of anti-capitalist alternative, 
related to authoritarian socialism experience whose effects on emancipation prospects 
continue to be felt, perhaps more in Eastern Europe than elsewhere. The latter limits the 
alternative expressions thematic transparency, fight against corruption ... in short, 
analysis more civil society as class struggle.

Objection of antifascist
cc Ronan Shenhav, October 2014
This is true for movements like Milla ("Millions for freedom of the press"), 4K ("For the 
fourth Republic") or for the party LMP ("Policy can do otherwise"). It may be noted two 
positive signals, although having the same contradictions: the government's poster 
campaign sparked a poster campaign against-the part of a street artists group called the 
Party dog with two tails, which collected 30 million forints, or 100,000 euros, allowing 
it to display 400 posters in 4 x 3 on various conventional advertising media, denouncing 
the government in a humorous fashion.

And regarding migrants, local solidarity, not without contradictions related to 
humanitarians reflexes, spontaneously organized in the arrival of migrants places in 
Budapest as at the border with Serbia. Finally, against culture-end of the transition 
period has largely breathless, and there is no real organized anarchist perspectives, 
although this remains to be seen.

Complete control of institutions, confusion state party, political scapegoat, national 
mystique about ethnicist bases, control of public opinion and propaganda, organizing 
militias: Live construction can only see a fascist state, even if the picture is not 
complete, not least in regard to the absence of political repression against opponents of 
magnitude.

On the electoral level, the only alternative is embodied by Jobbik, an openly fascist 
party. Given the weakness of the response, two perspectives should prevail: the 
construction of popular solidarity and an effort to promote an anti-state socialist 
self-management, to cut short the widespread discrediting of the Soviet experience was 
marred anti-capitalist perspectives.

Gyula (friend of AL)

http://www.alternativelibertaire.org/?Hongrie-Construction-d-un-Etat