Today's Topics:
1. CGT-LKN Euskal Herria: Concentration in Iruña against
repression and against the TAV (ca) [machine translation]
(a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
repression and against the TAV (ca) [machine translation]
(a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
2. Poland, ozzip: The Employee Initiative calls for joint union
action against cuts in public administration [machine
translation] (a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
action against cuts in public administration [machine
translation] (a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
3. Greece, Patras, anarchist group "bad horse" APO: Rally
against the visit of the American Minister Ex. Mike Pompeo
[machine translation] (a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
against the visit of the American Minister Ex. Mike Pompeo
[machine translation] (a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
4. Czech, AFED: Ur-fascism - Eternal fascism by the
semiologist, writer and philosopher Umberto Ec (1932-2016)
[machine translation] (a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
semiologist, writer and philosopher Umberto Ec (1932-2016)
[machine translation] (a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
5. Greece, liberta salonica: March against migrant confinement
and solidarity camps for immigrant women in
and solidarity camps for immigrant women in
Kamara. [machine translation] (a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
6. [France] Toulouse: 7 compas arrested for making graffiti and
pasting posters By ANA (pt) [machine translation]
(a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
pasting posters By ANA (pt) [machine translation]
(a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
7. ANA: [USA] The true story of black anarchists ByLivia
Gershon (pt) [machine translation] (a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
Gershon (pt) [machine translation] (a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
8. anarres info: Turin. Student demonstration of workers and
school workers on the occasion of the general
school workers on the occasion of the general
strike organized by
basic trade unionism. (it) [machine translation]
(a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
basic trade unionism. (it) [machine translation]
(a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
9. France, Union Communiste Libertaire UCL AL #308 - History,
1870: To wage war and revolution, with Bakounine in Lyon (de, it, fr, pt)[machine translation] (a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
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Message: 1
Two weeks ago, the national police raided eight members of Mugitu! Mugimendua accused of participating in an action to stop the works of the
TAV in Marcilla while two journalists who covered the action were investigated. The accusations are serious: usurpation of public functions,
documentary falsification and coercion, in a totally peaceful action that wanted to symbolize the stoppage of the TAV works pending
completion such as the Navarrese corridor and the Basque Y, a paralysis that an organization like AIREF ( Independent Authority for Fiscal
Responsibility) recommends to the central government. ---- It seems that this government did not like the action of paralyzing a sub-section
of the Navarrese corridor of the TAV in a public way, although they have chosen to paralyze another two sub-sections to the chita by keeping
quiet.
They also did not like the fact that all the sub-sections in the works of the Navarrese corridor and the Basque Y were required to be
stopped, three participants from Mugitu! to the balcony of the Government Delegation to chain himself by the neck, because the weakness that
this project is experiencing was evident.
For all this came the repressive blow that they wanted to give the movement through a raid that reminds us of old times, with coordinated
arrests without a court order and with delusional accusations that are only intended to intimidate, demobilize and criminalize once again
the opposition to the TAV and to the popular movement as a whole , in a time of great social conflict.
The TAV works in Navarra are going through their greatest moment of weakness in history and they know it: they have had to paralyze two
sub-sections, the ecological and economic crisis is getting worse, the discordant voices within the system itself are more and more
consistent, the case of AIREF and the Spanish and European Court of Auditors, and the most worrying thing for them is that more and more
sectors of the population are against continuing these works.
For all these reasons, Mugitu! Mugimendua calls on us to continue with the anti-TAV mobilization and to disobey more than ever the most
wasteful, destructive and anti-social infrastructure in the history of Euskal Herria, which will only deepen the crisis, both ecological and
economic in which we are.
https://www.cgt-lkn.org/blog/archivos/8246
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Message: 2
The National Commission of OZZ IP published an "Appeal against cuts in wages and jobs in public administration" addressed to trade unions
operating in the state administration. It is a response to the government's announcements of reducing employment in public administration
and freezing wages and the award fund in the civil service corps next year. ---- The full text of the appeal is
available[here]https://ozzip.pl/informacje/pilne-akcje/item/2687-apel-przeciwko-cieciom-plac-i-etatow-w-administracji-publicznej ---- The
National Trade Union Employee Initiative appeals to all trade unions operating in the public administration and the budgetary sphere to
undertake joint actions against the cuts policy planned by the government. In our opinion, the announcements of reduction of jobs and
salaries, as well as wage freeze and suspension of the award fund in the civil service should be met with strong opposition by the trade
union movement - regardless of organizational affiliation. Therefore, we call for the launch of a joint, inter-union discussion on the
coordination of protests in all institutions that may be affected by the austerity policy.
Trade union structures interested in cooperation, please contact us[e-mail]
Already in April this year. in the so-called "Shield 2.0" (the Act of April 16, 2020 on special support instruments in connection with the
spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus ) includes provisions giving the Council of Ministers the possibility to "reduce personnel costs" in the
government administration by issuing a regulation that will oblige directors of these institutions to reduce the number of posts and / or to
apply less favorable terms of employment to employees and female employees than those resulting from the basis for entering into the
employment relationship. The Council of Ministers may apply these austerity measures in a situation where "the negative economic effects of
COVID-19 will cause a state of threat to public finances".
Another "Shield 4.0" ( Act of 19 June 2020 on interest subsidies for bank loans granted to entrepreneurs affected by the effects of COVID-19
and on simplified proceedings for approval of an arrangement in connection with the occurrence of COVID-19 ) expanded the circle of
officials potentially at risk of limiting personnel costs o institutions such as the Social Insurance Institution (ZUS), the Agricultural
Social Insurance Fund (KRUS), or the National Health Fund (NFZ). Assuming a 20% reduction in jobs (information about such a percentage of
the dismissed people appeared in the press), the above-mentioned administration will lose about 37,000 jobs. people.
On August 26 this year, the government adopted a resolution obliging the head of the Chancellery of the Prime Minister to "agree with the
competent members of the Council of Ministers on solutions related to the reduction of employment in the Chancellery of the Prime Minister
and offices supporting members of the Council of Ministers . " Two days later, the Minister of Finance announced a draft of the Act on
specific solutions for the implementation of the Budget Act for 2021, assuming that the Civil Service Awards fund will not be established
next year, salary increases will be suspended and that the base amount of the allowance to the Social Benefit Fund will be frozen at the
2018 level.
So we can clearly see that the prospect of both layoffs and reductions in our salaries is becoming real.
We are all aware that work in administration is in no way competitive, does not involve any prestige and there are fewer and fewer people
willing to do this type of work with remuneration at a generally very low level. After several years, in 2019 and 2020, the base amount
increased by a total of 8%, but despite this, wages in the civil service are significantly lower than wages in the private sector. After the
introduction of the new minimum wage of PLN 2,800 gross in 2021, a significant number of officials will have to have increased basic
salaries to reach this level. At the same time, the rate of fluctuation in employment (leaving the job) remains high in the civil service.
When performing such mentally demanding work as working with documents and daily contact with the applicant, it is these people that the
coronavirus wave is to hit. People who, despite difficult circumstances, carry out their tasks in an uninterrupted and smooth manner -
mostly in the remote work mode, reconciling their daily household duties with demanding work and fear of what tomorrow will bring.
In June this year. our union applied to the Constitutional Tribunal to review the compliance with the Constitution of the Republic of Poland
"Shield 2.0" in the scope of provisions giving the Council of Ministers the right to issue a regulation ordering the reduction of jobs or
deterioration of working conditions of employees and employees of public administration. In our opinion, this law is a repetition of
solutions that were attempted during the previous economic crisis - in the "Law on rationalization of employment in state budget units",
which assumed a mandatory 10% reduction in employment in state offices. This act was found inconsistent with the Constitution - incl. due to
the fact that the civil service is entitled to a special permanent employment relationship.
However, we realize that the application itself is not sufficient to defend our employment and salary - primarily because it is not known
how long it will take to process it. In this situation, we see no solution other than starting protests. That is why we appeal to all trade
unions operating in the budgetary sphere to:
1) Commencement of talks on taking joint protests and working out a trade union alternative to the plans for cuts in public administration jobs
2) Considering taking up such forms of action as: entering collective disputes, flagging workplaces, pickets and street demonstrations,
Italian strikes or, for example, actions used in previous years by employees and court employees to call on employees to take care of their
own health and not postponing the decision to see a doctor in the event of illness or malaise.
3) Disseminating this appeal among its members and starting a discussion on the most appropriate protest actions.
https://ozzip.pl/informacje/ogolnopolskie/item/2688-ip-apeluje-o-wspolne-dzialania-przeciwko-cieciom-w-administracji-publ
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Message: 3
Announcement regarding the visit of the Minister. Ex. of the USA in Greece ---- Patras: Rally against the visit of the American Minister Ex.
Mike Pompeo. Monday 28 September 18.00 Georgiou square ---- In the next few days, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo will pay a three-day
visit to Greece, which is expected to be in Thessaloniki, Souda and Athens. ---- This visit comes at a special time. Recently, the
intensification of transnational rivalries and war preparations in Greece and Turkey has been continuous and increasing, with the main goal
of establishing an Exclusive Economic Zone for the exploitation of energy resources in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean and the control
of energy trade corridors. The visit of Pompeo, according to the state department, aims, among others, to defuse this tension between the
two states. Of course, this controversy is part of the wider conflict in recent years in the Eastern Mediterranean over sharing, the control
and exploitation of the natural resources of the wider region between the transnational mechanisms that systematically unfold their
competition in it and the active and leading role of the USA and its allies in its development. For this reason, in the recent Greek-Turkish
confrontation, the involvement of central imperialist powers such as the USA, France and NATO in an effort to develop more and more military
mechanisms in the particularly crucial, geopolitical, region and SE Mediterranean region became visible and open. achieving the most
favorable correlations in the global energy market. The release of this tension, then, is not simply not the purpose of this trip of the
American Secretary of State.
At the same time, Pompeo's presence in Greece today, in addition to the various trade, energy, economic and military agreements it seeks,
basically comes to reaffirm this timeless relationship of obedience and attachment of the Greek state and the local bourgeoisie to the
fierce rivalries of the region. with the US and NATO and thus reaffirm the role of representative of their interests in the region.
Pompeo is also coming to inspect the large US military force that is ready to sow death on the planet and is based at military bases across
the country, which are upgraded after the recent Greek-American agreement to stay, strengthen and expand the bases in Araxos,
Alexandroupoli, Larissa, Andravida, Stefanovikeio and Souda. An agreement that -among other things- allows the US to maintain military
infrastructure inside the facilities of the Greek armed forces and to use for military purposes the country's political infrastructure,
turning Greece into a vast military base for their imperialist plans.
Of course, for the Greek state, in this period of geopolitical liquidity, it is important to use this visit as an opportunity to state again
that it is firmly oriented towards the aspirations of the dominant political and economic elite, NATO and the European Union, whose is an
integral part seeking to be tied in even more direct and non-negotiable terms to the chariot of the western imperialist bloc playing the
role of gendarme and placeholder in the region of the southeastern Mediterranean and the Balkans.
Besides, the participation of the Greek state in the field of war preparation, competitions or even conflicts in the wider region is also
active. Characteristic is the agreement on the name of Northern Macedonia and its accession to NATO in exchange for the aerial military
surveillance of the neighboring state by the Greek. We also do not forget the bombings in Syria from the Souda base, the applause of the
deadly attack of the American army at the Baghdad airport against Iranian officers, the enhanced cooperation with a number of neighboring
countries and the tripartite (Greece - Cyprus - Israel, - Egypt) and quadripartite (Greece - Serbia - Bulgaria - Romania) conferences with
joint military exercises in the Cypriot EEZ, the ongoing military exercises with the participation of various states, the support and stable
cooperation with the state of Israel that slaughters the Palestinians. The last link in this chain is the announcement by the Greek state of
a package of 10 billion euros for new military armaments programs, while at the same time it continues to faithfully fulfill its armaments
commitments to NATO, being one of the few states that spend annually "Required" - by the US - a pile of money, to the point that it receives
for this reason the "praise" from the US political staff.
The growing involvement of the Greek state in the war plans of NATO and its allies highlights the need to mobilize a massive and militant
anti-war movement that will target the real culprits, putting international solidarity among the peoples as the only option in front of the
perspective of a generalized war. When states and bosses redistribute land, the rulers expand their "spheres of influence", conflicts
escalate over economic and energy resources, EEZs and pipelines, and the drums of war sound even louder, the blood of the peoples smells
poured and will be poured for their interests. Peoples and societies based on their own strengths and far from any would-be protector can
fight for their own interests. To fight for a dignified life away from wars, poverty, refuge and misery. To fight for a better world of
equality, solidarity, justice, self-determination and peaceful coexistence.
Grabbing the thread from the anti-war mobilizations of earlier times and drawing inspiration from them, let us build a strong
internationalist movement from below against war, fascism, imperialism and modern totalitarianism.
BLOCK IN NATO WAR MACHINE OUT OF BASES AND NUCLEAR DON'T BECOME MEAT FOR THEIR CANONS
INTERNATIONAL STRUGGLE AGAINST WAR, FASCISM, IMPERIALISM AND MODERN INTEGRITY
FOR THE SOCIAL REVOLUTION, ANARCHY AND ANARCHYM
anarchist group "bad horse" / member of APO
https://ipposd.wordpress.com/2020/09/27/
------------------------------
Message: 4
Ur-fascism (or also eternal fascism) characterized Umberto Eco's fourteen symptoms. If about half of them can be observed in society, we are
close to the new onset of fascism. ---- 1. The first feature of ur-fascism is the cult of tradition. Traditionalism is, of course, much
older than fascism. Not only is it typical of counter-revolutionary Catholic thought after the French Revolution, but it was born in the
late Hellenistic era as a reaction to classical Greek rationalism. In the Mediterranean, people of various religions (most of whom were
indulgently accepted into the Roman pantheon) began to dream of a revelation that came at the dawn of human history. According to
traditionalist mysticism, this revelation remained hidden for a long time under the guise of forgotten languages - in Egyptian hieroglyphs,
Celtic runes, on scrolls of little-known Asian religions. This new culture had to be syncretic. Syncretism is not just, as the dictionary
says, "a combination of different forms of faith and practices"; this combination must tolerate contradictions.
As a result, there can be no progress in knowledge. The truth has already been told once and for all, and we can only try to constantly
interpret its mysterious message.
Just look at the syllabus of every fascist movement and we will find the main traditionalist thinkers here. Nazi gnosis was fed by
traditionalists, syncretists and occult freaks. The most influential theoretical source was the conception of the new Italian right, Julius
Evola mixed the Holy Grail and the Protocols of the Sages of Zion, alchemy with the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation. The very fact
that the Italian right, in order to show the openness of its thinking, later expanded its teachings to include the works of Joseph de
Maister, Guenon and Gramsci, is a glaring proof of syncretism.
If you dive into the shelves labeled New Age in American bookstores, you can even find St. Augustine, who, as far as I know, was not a
fascist. But the combination of Augustine and Stonehenge is a symptom of ur-fascism[and also of Václav Cílek, adds the translator].
2. Traditionalism leads to the rejection of modernism. Both fascists and Nazis worshiped technology, while traditionalist thinkers usually
reject it as a negation of traditional spiritual values. However, although Nazism was proud of its industrial achievements, its exaltation
of modernism was only a superficial feature of a blood- and soil-based ideology (Blut und Boden). The rejection of the modern world was
disguised as a rejection of the capitalist way of life, but was aimed primarily at denying the spirit of 1789 (and, of course, 1776). The
Enlightenment, the age of reason, is understood as the beginning of modern corruption. In this sense, ur-fascism can be defined as
irrationalism.
3. Irrationalism also depends on the cult of action for action. The action begins to be beautiful in itself, it must be performed before any
thought or without any thought. Thinking is a form of femininity. Therefore, culture is suspect to the extent that it is identified with
critical attitudes. Distrust of the intellectual world has often been a symptom of ur-fascism, from Goering's alleged assertion ("When I
hear talk of culture, I reach for a gun.") To the frequent use of terms such as "degenerate intellectuals," "impotent snobs," or
"universities are nests." red '. Official fascist intellectuals engaged in attacks on modern culture and liberal intelligence mainly
because, according to them, it betrayed traditional values.
4. No syncretic belief can withstand analytical criticism. The critical mind distinguishes, and discernment is a hallmark of modernism. In
modern culture, the scientific community values dissent as a way to expand and refine knowledge. For ur-fascism, disapproval is betrayal.
5. In addition, disagreement is a sign of difference. Ur-Fascism grows out of consensus and seeks consensus by exploiting and inciting the
natural fear of otherness. The first challenge of the fascist or nascent fascist movement is the call to fight the invaders. Ur-fascism is
so racist by definition.
6. Ur-fascism results from individual or social frustration. Therefore, one of the most typical features of historical fascism was the fact
that it addressed a frustrated middle class, a class that was suffering from an economic crisis or a sense of political humiliation, and was
intimidated by pressure from lower social groups. Today, when the old "proletarians" have become a petty bourgeoisie (and the "lumpen" are
largely excluded from the political scene), tomorrow's fascism will find its listeners in this new majority.
7. For people who feel deprived of a clear social identity, ur-fascism says that their only privilege is the most general privilege ever,
namely that they were born in the same country. That is the origin of nationalism. In addition, the only ones who can give a nation its
identity are its enemies. Therefore, obsession with conspiracy, perhaps even international, is rooted in ur-fascist psychology. Followers
must feel under siege. The easiest way to solve the conspiracy is to appeal to xenophobia. But the conspiracy must also come from within:
the best target in this case is usually the Jews, because they have the advantage of being both inside and outside. A prominent case of
conspiracy obsession in the United States can be seen in Pat Robertson's The New World Order, but as we have seen recently, there are many more.
8. Adherents of ur-fascism must feel humiliated by the ostentatious wealth and power of their enemies. When I was a little boy, we learned
about the English as people who eat five meals a day. They ate more often than the poor, but the Italians were sober. Jews are rich and help
each other through a secret network of mutual support. However, the followers must be convinced that they can defeat the enemies. Thus, due
to constant shifts in rhetorical focus, enemies are both too strong and too weak. Fascist governments are doomed to lose wars because they
are inherently unable to objectively assess the strength of the enemy.
9. For ur-fascism, there is no struggle for life, but rather life is led only for struggle. Pacifism, therefore, means intrigue with the
enemy. It is bad because life is a permanent state of war. However, this also entails the "Armageddon complex". Because the enemies must be
defeated, the last battle must take place, after which the movement will take over the world. But such a "final solution" implies that an
era of peace will follow, the Golden Age, which is contrary to the principle of permanent war. No fascist leader has ever succeeded in
resolving this unpleasant dilemma.
10. Elitism is a typical aspect of any reactionary ideology, as it is fundamentally aristocratic, and aristocratic and militaristic elitism
necessarily implies contempt for the weak. Ur-fascism can only advocate popular elitism. Every citizen belongs to the best nation in the
world, a party member is the best among all citizens, every citizen can (or at least should) become a party member. But there can be no
patricians without a plebs. In fact, a leader who knows that his power has not been entrusted to him democratically, but that he has
conquered it by force, also knows that his power is based on the weakness of the masses; they are as weak as they need a ruler and as much
as they deserve it. Because the group is hierarchically organized (according to the military model), each leader in a lower position
despises his subordinates and each of them despises his superiors.
11. In such a perspective, everyone is brought up to become a hero. In every mythology, the hero is an exceptional being, but in the
ideology of ur-fascism, heroism is the norm. This cult of heroism is strictly connected with the cult of death. It is no coincidence that
the phalanxist slogan was "Viva la Muerte!" (Long live death!). In non-fascist societies, the general public believes that death is an
unpleasant affair, but it must be faced with dignity; believers are told that it is a painful way to achieve supernatural happiness. In
contrast, a ur-fascist hero demands a heroic death, which is declared the best reward for a heroic life. The ur-fascist hero can't wait to
die. However, in his impatience, he sends other people to death more often.
12. Because both permanent war and heroism are games that are difficult to play, the ur-fascist often transfers his will to power to sexual
matters. This is the origin of machismo (which includes both contempt for women and intolerance and condemnation of non-standard sexual
habits, from restraint to homosexuality). And because sex is also a difficult game, the ur-fascist hero tends to play with weapons - which
becomes an ersatz phallic exercise.
13. Ur-fascism is based on selective populism, qualitative populism, we might say. In a democracy, citizens have individual rights, but as a
whole they have political influence only in quantitative terms - the individual must obey the decisions of the majority. In the case of
ur-fascism, however, individuals have no rights as individuals, and the people are considered to be a quality, monolithic entity that
expresses the general will. Because the general will can no longer be expressed by the quantity of human individuals, he claims to be its
interpreter as leader. When citizens have lost their power to delegate their representative, they no longer act; they are only called to
play the role of the People. Thus the People become mere theatrical fiction. To show a good example of qualitative populism, we no longer
need Piazza Venezia in Rome or the Nuremberg Stadium.
Because of its qualitative populism, ur-fascism must be directed against "rotten" parliamentary governments. One of Mussolini's first
sentences in the Italian parliament was, "I could turn this barren and bleak place into a shelter for my manipulators." (Manipul was a
subdivision of the traditional Roman legions.) but only a little later he liquidated the parliament. Whenever a politician begins to
question the legitimacy of parliament because he no longer represents the Voice of the People, we can smell ur-fascism.
14. Ur-Fascism speaks newspeak. Newspeak was invented by Orwell in his 1984 novel as the official language of Ingsoc, English socialism. But
elements of ur-fascism are common to various forms of dictatorship. All Nazi or fascist textbooks used impoverished vocabulary and
elementary syntax to limit the tools of complex and critical reasoning. However, we must be prepared to identify other types of newspeak,
even if they appear to be an innocent form of popular talk show.
Translated by -cp-
The full text of Umberto Ec from 1995 can be found, for example, here: www.nybooks.com/articles/1995/06/22/ur-fascism
Published in the anarchist review Existence No. 2/2016 on the topic of Fascination.
https://www.afed.cz/text/7228/ur-fasismus
------------------------------
Message: 5
Solidarity with immigrants. ---- To put an end to the "Europe-Fortress". ---- ...Warm hospitality ---- The reality experienced by refugees
and immigrants in our country in all previous years is well known: travel in the waves or in the wild waters of Evros, (illegal)
deportations from the port to the Aegean or the army in Evros but also from the various parastatal mechanisms that for years have been
operating undisturbed, (illegal) deportations even from the urban centers by the uniformed fascists of EL.AS. months, lack of housing or
accommodation in camps for the vast majority of those who manage to enter our country, lack of access to health care, reduced access to the
obvious human right to asylum through a series of laws that have limited it again and again ridiculing in practice any notion of "human
rights" and "international conventions",
Some of us may have thought that this reality could not be worse for the thousands of people who were forced to flee their country because
of war or poverty. But then came Covid-19 and with horror we saw the reality of refugees and immigrants getting worse, more and more
suffocating, more and more inhuman. This did not surprise us. In exactly the same way that the government saw in the Covid-19 crisis an
amazing opportunity to pass laws and decrees that are disastrous for the social base but also for the environment (night passed... the
suspension of work, the shift work that leads to a 50% reduction in wages, the liberalization of layoffs, the new anti-environmental bill
that dissolves all notions of nature protection,
Immigrant / refugee management on Covid-19
From the outset, absolutely no measures were taken to decongest the camps. Thousands of people, many of them with health problems that make
them obviously vulnerable to the virus groups, were left crammed into closed or "open" "hosting" centers. The government did not even
arrange for the individual transportation outside the hells of heart patients, cancer patients or lung patients. Immigrants, therefore, were
treated as a potential health risk. They plotted within the structures with a series of decisions that made the structures from "open" to
"partially closed".
The vulgar policy of confining people inside the camps, waiting until the first case (which was obviously a matter of time with the policy
they implemented), to quarantine the entire camp, immediately brought the desired results with many structures entering soon in quarantine.
Finally, without any illusions to the contrary, it is now clear that the measures supposedly taken due to Covid-19 came to stay, turning the
"back door" the camps into regular prisons.
The new law on asylum
The culmination of the (anti) immigration policy pursued by the Greek state is the asylum bill, which passed - after a deformed non-existent
"public consultation" - and which neither more nor less effectively abolished the supposed "human rights" Which until now was supposed to be
defined by international treaties and national law (in practice, of course, all this has always been for those who have in their hands both
the watermelon and the knife, matters of "interpretation"). In short, this bill aimed to further reduce the already degraded access of
migrants / refugees to medical care,
At the same time, the conditions are becoming more difficult, not only for the asylum seekers, due to the new law on asylum, but also for
all the recognized refugees, who are now homeless, based on the Government Gazette 1199, which stipulates that those who receive the A
positive decision on their asylum application should leave their accommodation in apartments of the ESTIA program or in camps within a
month! This means that all recognized refugees, without having been included in any substantial integration plan by the state, just one
month after their recognition and without taking into account any vulnerabilities (such as incurable or malignant diseases, pregnancy,
etc.), are thrown into road. The same has already happened retrospectively to those people who had received, under the previous regime,
Extremely enlightening about the government's plans is the JMC and the invitation issued for the continuation of the ESTIA program, where in
addition to the unthinkable cuts in terms of funds (of the order of 40-60%) which of course mean huge cuts in support services It will also
stipulate that the housing organization (the NGO in question) will not receive the corresponding budget for each accommodation position
"occupied" by a recognized refugee who has refused to leave his home... and be in road (!), 30 days after the date of exit from the program.
That is, even though in our country there is no legal framework for the eviction of people in just one month and although the right to
housing is protected by law for everyone,
At the same time, with a new Government Gazette, the government decided to "rationalize" (!!) the financial aid received by asylum seekers,
from 100% European funding. And in this context, of course, "rationalization" means... reduction!
The "illegal" means and the useful cannibals
And "the drastic restriction of any illegal entry in our country" is not limited only to legal means. In the quarantine were dozens of
allegations of illegal (!) Repatriation of migrants not only to the borders of Evros, but also from the centers of large cities, either with
large raids on places where immigrants lived, who then (disappeared (!), Or with operations on the streets of cities, during which migrants
were abducted and then found... in Turkey. There are dozens of complaints about such practices, even against unaccompanied minors.
In the same climate, after all, that of the "illegal" means is the unformed tolerance of the government towards the racist outbursts of a
part of the locals towards the refugees and the immigrants. In recent months we have seen attacks by "residents" on buses carrying migrants,
and even the burning of entire hotels by the well-known nationalist scoundrel. Now we see "residents" in Kamena Vourla depriving minors of
food (!) In order to force them to leave the hotel where they are staying.
All these "mobilizations", which often take on the dimensions of normal pogroms, are just the other version and the necessary complement to
the anti-immigration policy implemented by the Greek state. What is really sad and outrageous for us is that on the front of hatred that
have been set up in various parts of Greece by local rulers (who derive political value), local bosses (who of course put their profits
above all human life) and organized fascists / neo-Nazis (who socially legitimize their presence and recruit people in their ranks) against
people who are persecuted and tortured, unfortunately, a world of social base also participates.
Workers, that is, who, instead of defending the people of their class, regardless of nationality or religion, allying with them to move
against the interests of bosses and states, eventually ally themselves with their class enemies. Either because they hope that this will
leave a bigger chunk for them than the pie shared by their bosses (slavishly accepting the role of subordinate) even if they have to step on
corpses, or because they have indeed been so blinded by the - methodically impressed and cultivated by the school, the media, etc. -
ideology of national unity, so that they end up "seeing" the threat in the face of people who play their lives crown-letters,
Moria is on fire
Exactly how the flames that burned the hell of Moria on the night of September 8 (which were "rekindled" in the following days as well)
remains unclear and will probably remain so. It is not up to us to speculate here, and why we can not have a satisfactory picture, but also
why we do not think that the essence of the issue is "what exactly happened". Moria was a crime against human dignity. And if some of those
who suffered in their skin every day, felt that by turning it to ashes, they reclaim some of the dignity that the Greek state so
barbarically deprived them of, we have no reason to. What we think we need to focus on is that the real perpetrators of this crime, they
even made sure to replace it with something equally -if not more- criminal: A former army shooting range (with whatever dangers it may
hold), by the sea and exposed to bad weather, with tents set up on the sand... and all these while winter is coming. What could be more
appropriate than a former firing range where army pyrotechnics often search for old explosives to house families with children? What is more
appropriate than the most exposed part of the island to the weather to make a new camp and in fact ??? with tents? And while all this is
happening with the classic promises of "temporary" lease agreements have already been made public until 25 2025!
At the same time, they have launched a witch-hunt for the alleged perpetrators of the arson, which "shouts from afar" that it intends to
terrorize immigrants and refugees - both in Lesvos and in general - in order to suppresses any rebellious and disobedient mood that
manifests itself, while at the same time the chemicals and the attacks of the MAT come to complete the gloomy picture.
Solidarity is our weapon
For us workers, regardless of nationality, refugees and migrants, victims of war and poverty are not managed by state institutions and
economic elites. We do not tolerate human life depending on decisions by transnational organizations such as the EU and Frontex, nation
states and the needs of the economy.
To every power, we respond now and always with class solidarity. The suffering, the persecuted because of the wars and persecutions of every
power and every state, the refugees and the immigrants, are at the heart of our solidarity. They are our class brothers, the most
undervalued, underpaid and precarious part of our class, north in the teeth of every little and big boss. It is our duty to safeguard the
dignity and free movement of all workers, erasing the border lines drawn by the authorities for their subjects, but not for the goods of the
bosses, and demanding the immediate legalization of all immigrants.
We demand that the borders be opened immediately and that the migrants be released. We demand the provision of public care and housing for
those who wish to stay in Greece and the provision of the necessary documents for those who wish to go to other European countries. We
demand that the inferno concentration camps be closed now and that obstacles to asylum procedures, social exclusion and the deprivation of
labor and welfare rights by immigrants be removed.
Always on the side of the weak, the oppressed, the uprooted of this world, regardless of color and religion, locals and "foreigners", we
join hands, raise our fists.
CLOSURE THE IMMIGRATION / EXCLUSION AREAS OF IMMIGRANTS
SOLIDARITY TO THOSE WHO ARE FIGHTING INTO DETENTION CENTERS
JOINT STRUGGLES OF LOCALS - IMMIGRANTS
PAPERS FOR EVERYONE AND FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT
TO BREAK DOWN THE BORDERS, THE FENCES AND THE CONCENTRATION CAMPS
TO OBSTACLE HUMAN ANTI-IMMIGRATION POLICY
TO STOP THE WAR AGAINST IMMIGRANTS
COURSE AGAINST IMMIGRANTS 'INCLUSION CAMPS & SOLIDARITY TO IMMIGRANTS:
THURSDAY OCTOBER 1, 19:00, KAMARA
* we support the Stop War On Migrants assembly block
Thessaloniki Freedom Initiative (member of the Anarchist Federation)
lib_thess@hotmail.com
libertasalonica.wordpress.com
------------------------------
Message: 6
1870: To wage war and revolution, with Bakounine in Lyon (de, it, fr, pt)[machine translation] (a-infos-en@ainfos.ca)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Two weeks ago, the national police raided eight members of Mugitu! Mugimendua accused of participating in an action to stop the works of the
TAV in Marcilla while two journalists who covered the action were investigated. The accusations are serious: usurpation of public functions,
documentary falsification and coercion, in a totally peaceful action that wanted to symbolize the stoppage of the TAV works pending
completion such as the Navarrese corridor and the Basque Y, a paralysis that an organization like AIREF ( Independent Authority for Fiscal
Responsibility) recommends to the central government. ---- It seems that this government did not like the action of paralyzing a sub-section
of the Navarrese corridor of the TAV in a public way, although they have chosen to paralyze another two sub-sections to the chita by keeping
quiet.
They also did not like the fact that all the sub-sections in the works of the Navarrese corridor and the Basque Y were required to be
stopped, three participants from Mugitu! to the balcony of the Government Delegation to chain himself by the neck, because the weakness that
this project is experiencing was evident.
For all this came the repressive blow that they wanted to give the movement through a raid that reminds us of old times, with coordinated
arrests without a court order and with delusional accusations that are only intended to intimidate, demobilize and criminalize once again
the opposition to the TAV and to the popular movement as a whole , in a time of great social conflict.
The TAV works in Navarra are going through their greatest moment of weakness in history and they know it: they have had to paralyze two
sub-sections, the ecological and economic crisis is getting worse, the discordant voices within the system itself are more and more
consistent, the case of AIREF and the Spanish and European Court of Auditors, and the most worrying thing for them is that more and more
sectors of the population are against continuing these works.
For all these reasons, Mugitu! Mugimendua calls on us to continue with the anti-TAV mobilization and to disobey more than ever the most
wasteful, destructive and anti-social infrastructure in the history of Euskal Herria, which will only deepen the crisis, both ecological and
economic in which we are.
https://www.cgt-lkn.org/blog/archivos/8246
------------------------------
Message: 2
The National Commission of OZZ IP published an "Appeal against cuts in wages and jobs in public administration" addressed to trade unions
operating in the state administration. It is a response to the government's announcements of reducing employment in public administration
and freezing wages and the award fund in the civil service corps next year. ---- The full text of the appeal is
available[here]https://ozzip.pl/informacje/pilne-akcje/item/2687-apel-przeciwko-cieciom-plac-i-etatow-w-administracji-publicznej ---- The
National Trade Union Employee Initiative appeals to all trade unions operating in the public administration and the budgetary sphere to
undertake joint actions against the cuts policy planned by the government. In our opinion, the announcements of reduction of jobs and
salaries, as well as wage freeze and suspension of the award fund in the civil service should be met with strong opposition by the trade
union movement - regardless of organizational affiliation. Therefore, we call for the launch of a joint, inter-union discussion on the
coordination of protests in all institutions that may be affected by the austerity policy.
Trade union structures interested in cooperation, please contact us[e-mail]
Already in April this year. in the so-called "Shield 2.0" (the Act of April 16, 2020 on special support instruments in connection with the
spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus ) includes provisions giving the Council of Ministers the possibility to "reduce personnel costs" in the
government administration by issuing a regulation that will oblige directors of these institutions to reduce the number of posts and / or to
apply less favorable terms of employment to employees and female employees than those resulting from the basis for entering into the
employment relationship. The Council of Ministers may apply these austerity measures in a situation where "the negative economic effects of
COVID-19 will cause a state of threat to public finances".
Another "Shield 4.0" ( Act of 19 June 2020 on interest subsidies for bank loans granted to entrepreneurs affected by the effects of COVID-19
and on simplified proceedings for approval of an arrangement in connection with the occurrence of COVID-19 ) expanded the circle of
officials potentially at risk of limiting personnel costs o institutions such as the Social Insurance Institution (ZUS), the Agricultural
Social Insurance Fund (KRUS), or the National Health Fund (NFZ). Assuming a 20% reduction in jobs (information about such a percentage of
the dismissed people appeared in the press), the above-mentioned administration will lose about 37,000 jobs. people.
On August 26 this year, the government adopted a resolution obliging the head of the Chancellery of the Prime Minister to "agree with the
competent members of the Council of Ministers on solutions related to the reduction of employment in the Chancellery of the Prime Minister
and offices supporting members of the Council of Ministers . " Two days later, the Minister of Finance announced a draft of the Act on
specific solutions for the implementation of the Budget Act for 2021, assuming that the Civil Service Awards fund will not be established
next year, salary increases will be suspended and that the base amount of the allowance to the Social Benefit Fund will be frozen at the
2018 level.
So we can clearly see that the prospect of both layoffs and reductions in our salaries is becoming real.
We are all aware that work in administration is in no way competitive, does not involve any prestige and there are fewer and fewer people
willing to do this type of work with remuneration at a generally very low level. After several years, in 2019 and 2020, the base amount
increased by a total of 8%, but despite this, wages in the civil service are significantly lower than wages in the private sector. After the
introduction of the new minimum wage of PLN 2,800 gross in 2021, a significant number of officials will have to have increased basic
salaries to reach this level. At the same time, the rate of fluctuation in employment (leaving the job) remains high in the civil service.
When performing such mentally demanding work as working with documents and daily contact with the applicant, it is these people that the
coronavirus wave is to hit. People who, despite difficult circumstances, carry out their tasks in an uninterrupted and smooth manner -
mostly in the remote work mode, reconciling their daily household duties with demanding work and fear of what tomorrow will bring.
In June this year. our union applied to the Constitutional Tribunal to review the compliance with the Constitution of the Republic of Poland
"Shield 2.0" in the scope of provisions giving the Council of Ministers the right to issue a regulation ordering the reduction of jobs or
deterioration of working conditions of employees and employees of public administration. In our opinion, this law is a repetition of
solutions that were attempted during the previous economic crisis - in the "Law on rationalization of employment in state budget units",
which assumed a mandatory 10% reduction in employment in state offices. This act was found inconsistent with the Constitution - incl. due to
the fact that the civil service is entitled to a special permanent employment relationship.
However, we realize that the application itself is not sufficient to defend our employment and salary - primarily because it is not known
how long it will take to process it. In this situation, we see no solution other than starting protests. That is why we appeal to all trade
unions operating in the budgetary sphere to:
1) Commencement of talks on taking joint protests and working out a trade union alternative to the plans for cuts in public administration jobs
2) Considering taking up such forms of action as: entering collective disputes, flagging workplaces, pickets and street demonstrations,
Italian strikes or, for example, actions used in previous years by employees and court employees to call on employees to take care of their
own health and not postponing the decision to see a doctor in the event of illness or malaise.
3) Disseminating this appeal among its members and starting a discussion on the most appropriate protest actions.
https://ozzip.pl/informacje/ogolnopolskie/item/2688-ip-apeluje-o-wspolne-dzialania-przeciwko-cieciom-w-administracji-publ
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Message: 3
Announcement regarding the visit of the Minister. Ex. of the USA in Greece ---- Patras: Rally against the visit of the American Minister Ex.
Mike Pompeo. Monday 28 September 18.00 Georgiou square ---- In the next few days, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo will pay a three-day
visit to Greece, which is expected to be in Thessaloniki, Souda and Athens. ---- This visit comes at a special time. Recently, the
intensification of transnational rivalries and war preparations in Greece and Turkey has been continuous and increasing, with the main goal
of establishing an Exclusive Economic Zone for the exploitation of energy resources in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean and the control
of energy trade corridors. The visit of Pompeo, according to the state department, aims, among others, to defuse this tension between the
two states. Of course, this controversy is part of the wider conflict in recent years in the Eastern Mediterranean over sharing, the control
and exploitation of the natural resources of the wider region between the transnational mechanisms that systematically unfold their
competition in it and the active and leading role of the USA and its allies in its development. For this reason, in the recent Greek-Turkish
confrontation, the involvement of central imperialist powers such as the USA, France and NATO in an effort to develop more and more military
mechanisms in the particularly crucial, geopolitical, region and SE Mediterranean region became visible and open. achieving the most
favorable correlations in the global energy market. The release of this tension, then, is not simply not the purpose of this trip of the
American Secretary of State.
At the same time, Pompeo's presence in Greece today, in addition to the various trade, energy, economic and military agreements it seeks,
basically comes to reaffirm this timeless relationship of obedience and attachment of the Greek state and the local bourgeoisie to the
fierce rivalries of the region. with the US and NATO and thus reaffirm the role of representative of their interests in the region.
Pompeo is also coming to inspect the large US military force that is ready to sow death on the planet and is based at military bases across
the country, which are upgraded after the recent Greek-American agreement to stay, strengthen and expand the bases in Araxos,
Alexandroupoli, Larissa, Andravida, Stefanovikeio and Souda. An agreement that -among other things- allows the US to maintain military
infrastructure inside the facilities of the Greek armed forces and to use for military purposes the country's political infrastructure,
turning Greece into a vast military base for their imperialist plans.
Of course, for the Greek state, in this period of geopolitical liquidity, it is important to use this visit as an opportunity to state again
that it is firmly oriented towards the aspirations of the dominant political and economic elite, NATO and the European Union, whose is an
integral part seeking to be tied in even more direct and non-negotiable terms to the chariot of the western imperialist bloc playing the
role of gendarme and placeholder in the region of the southeastern Mediterranean and the Balkans.
Besides, the participation of the Greek state in the field of war preparation, competitions or even conflicts in the wider region is also
active. Characteristic is the agreement on the name of Northern Macedonia and its accession to NATO in exchange for the aerial military
surveillance of the neighboring state by the Greek. We also do not forget the bombings in Syria from the Souda base, the applause of the
deadly attack of the American army at the Baghdad airport against Iranian officers, the enhanced cooperation with a number of neighboring
countries and the tripartite (Greece - Cyprus - Israel, - Egypt) and quadripartite (Greece - Serbia - Bulgaria - Romania) conferences with
joint military exercises in the Cypriot EEZ, the ongoing military exercises with the participation of various states, the support and stable
cooperation with the state of Israel that slaughters the Palestinians. The last link in this chain is the announcement by the Greek state of
a package of 10 billion euros for new military armaments programs, while at the same time it continues to faithfully fulfill its armaments
commitments to NATO, being one of the few states that spend annually "Required" - by the US - a pile of money, to the point that it receives
for this reason the "praise" from the US political staff.
The growing involvement of the Greek state in the war plans of NATO and its allies highlights the need to mobilize a massive and militant
anti-war movement that will target the real culprits, putting international solidarity among the peoples as the only option in front of the
perspective of a generalized war. When states and bosses redistribute land, the rulers expand their "spheres of influence", conflicts
escalate over economic and energy resources, EEZs and pipelines, and the drums of war sound even louder, the blood of the peoples smells
poured and will be poured for their interests. Peoples and societies based on their own strengths and far from any would-be protector can
fight for their own interests. To fight for a dignified life away from wars, poverty, refuge and misery. To fight for a better world of
equality, solidarity, justice, self-determination and peaceful coexistence.
Grabbing the thread from the anti-war mobilizations of earlier times and drawing inspiration from them, let us build a strong
internationalist movement from below against war, fascism, imperialism and modern totalitarianism.
BLOCK IN NATO WAR MACHINE OUT OF BASES AND NUCLEAR DON'T BECOME MEAT FOR THEIR CANONS
INTERNATIONAL STRUGGLE AGAINST WAR, FASCISM, IMPERIALISM AND MODERN INTEGRITY
FOR THE SOCIAL REVOLUTION, ANARCHY AND ANARCHYM
anarchist group "bad horse" / member of APO
https://ipposd.wordpress.com/2020/09/27/
------------------------------
Message: 4
Ur-fascism (or also eternal fascism) characterized Umberto Eco's fourteen symptoms. If about half of them can be observed in society, we are
close to the new onset of fascism. ---- 1. The first feature of ur-fascism is the cult of tradition. Traditionalism is, of course, much
older than fascism. Not only is it typical of counter-revolutionary Catholic thought after the French Revolution, but it was born in the
late Hellenistic era as a reaction to classical Greek rationalism. In the Mediterranean, people of various religions (most of whom were
indulgently accepted into the Roman pantheon) began to dream of a revelation that came at the dawn of human history. According to
traditionalist mysticism, this revelation remained hidden for a long time under the guise of forgotten languages - in Egyptian hieroglyphs,
Celtic runes, on scrolls of little-known Asian religions. This new culture had to be syncretic. Syncretism is not just, as the dictionary
says, "a combination of different forms of faith and practices"; this combination must tolerate contradictions.
As a result, there can be no progress in knowledge. The truth has already been told once and for all, and we can only try to constantly
interpret its mysterious message.
Just look at the syllabus of every fascist movement and we will find the main traditionalist thinkers here. Nazi gnosis was fed by
traditionalists, syncretists and occult freaks. The most influential theoretical source was the conception of the new Italian right, Julius
Evola mixed the Holy Grail and the Protocols of the Sages of Zion, alchemy with the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation. The very fact
that the Italian right, in order to show the openness of its thinking, later expanded its teachings to include the works of Joseph de
Maister, Guenon and Gramsci, is a glaring proof of syncretism.
If you dive into the shelves labeled New Age in American bookstores, you can even find St. Augustine, who, as far as I know, was not a
fascist. But the combination of Augustine and Stonehenge is a symptom of ur-fascism[and also of Václav Cílek, adds the translator].
2. Traditionalism leads to the rejection of modernism. Both fascists and Nazis worshiped technology, while traditionalist thinkers usually
reject it as a negation of traditional spiritual values. However, although Nazism was proud of its industrial achievements, its exaltation
of modernism was only a superficial feature of a blood- and soil-based ideology (Blut und Boden). The rejection of the modern world was
disguised as a rejection of the capitalist way of life, but was aimed primarily at denying the spirit of 1789 (and, of course, 1776). The
Enlightenment, the age of reason, is understood as the beginning of modern corruption. In this sense, ur-fascism can be defined as
irrationalism.
3. Irrationalism also depends on the cult of action for action. The action begins to be beautiful in itself, it must be performed before any
thought or without any thought. Thinking is a form of femininity. Therefore, culture is suspect to the extent that it is identified with
critical attitudes. Distrust of the intellectual world has often been a symptom of ur-fascism, from Goering's alleged assertion ("When I
hear talk of culture, I reach for a gun.") To the frequent use of terms such as "degenerate intellectuals," "impotent snobs," or
"universities are nests." red '. Official fascist intellectuals engaged in attacks on modern culture and liberal intelligence mainly
because, according to them, it betrayed traditional values.
4. No syncretic belief can withstand analytical criticism. The critical mind distinguishes, and discernment is a hallmark of modernism. In
modern culture, the scientific community values dissent as a way to expand and refine knowledge. For ur-fascism, disapproval is betrayal.
5. In addition, disagreement is a sign of difference. Ur-Fascism grows out of consensus and seeks consensus by exploiting and inciting the
natural fear of otherness. The first challenge of the fascist or nascent fascist movement is the call to fight the invaders. Ur-fascism is
so racist by definition.
6. Ur-fascism results from individual or social frustration. Therefore, one of the most typical features of historical fascism was the fact
that it addressed a frustrated middle class, a class that was suffering from an economic crisis or a sense of political humiliation, and was
intimidated by pressure from lower social groups. Today, when the old "proletarians" have become a petty bourgeoisie (and the "lumpen" are
largely excluded from the political scene), tomorrow's fascism will find its listeners in this new majority.
7. For people who feel deprived of a clear social identity, ur-fascism says that their only privilege is the most general privilege ever,
namely that they were born in the same country. That is the origin of nationalism. In addition, the only ones who can give a nation its
identity are its enemies. Therefore, obsession with conspiracy, perhaps even international, is rooted in ur-fascist psychology. Followers
must feel under siege. The easiest way to solve the conspiracy is to appeal to xenophobia. But the conspiracy must also come from within:
the best target in this case is usually the Jews, because they have the advantage of being both inside and outside. A prominent case of
conspiracy obsession in the United States can be seen in Pat Robertson's The New World Order, but as we have seen recently, there are many more.
8. Adherents of ur-fascism must feel humiliated by the ostentatious wealth and power of their enemies. When I was a little boy, we learned
about the English as people who eat five meals a day. They ate more often than the poor, but the Italians were sober. Jews are rich and help
each other through a secret network of mutual support. However, the followers must be convinced that they can defeat the enemies. Thus, due
to constant shifts in rhetorical focus, enemies are both too strong and too weak. Fascist governments are doomed to lose wars because they
are inherently unable to objectively assess the strength of the enemy.
9. For ur-fascism, there is no struggle for life, but rather life is led only for struggle. Pacifism, therefore, means intrigue with the
enemy. It is bad because life is a permanent state of war. However, this also entails the "Armageddon complex". Because the enemies must be
defeated, the last battle must take place, after which the movement will take over the world. But such a "final solution" implies that an
era of peace will follow, the Golden Age, which is contrary to the principle of permanent war. No fascist leader has ever succeeded in
resolving this unpleasant dilemma.
10. Elitism is a typical aspect of any reactionary ideology, as it is fundamentally aristocratic, and aristocratic and militaristic elitism
necessarily implies contempt for the weak. Ur-fascism can only advocate popular elitism. Every citizen belongs to the best nation in the
world, a party member is the best among all citizens, every citizen can (or at least should) become a party member. But there can be no
patricians without a plebs. In fact, a leader who knows that his power has not been entrusted to him democratically, but that he has
conquered it by force, also knows that his power is based on the weakness of the masses; they are as weak as they need a ruler and as much
as they deserve it. Because the group is hierarchically organized (according to the military model), each leader in a lower position
despises his subordinates and each of them despises his superiors.
11. In such a perspective, everyone is brought up to become a hero. In every mythology, the hero is an exceptional being, but in the
ideology of ur-fascism, heroism is the norm. This cult of heroism is strictly connected with the cult of death. It is no coincidence that
the phalanxist slogan was "Viva la Muerte!" (Long live death!). In non-fascist societies, the general public believes that death is an
unpleasant affair, but it must be faced with dignity; believers are told that it is a painful way to achieve supernatural happiness. In
contrast, a ur-fascist hero demands a heroic death, which is declared the best reward for a heroic life. The ur-fascist hero can't wait to
die. However, in his impatience, he sends other people to death more often.
12. Because both permanent war and heroism are games that are difficult to play, the ur-fascist often transfers his will to power to sexual
matters. This is the origin of machismo (which includes both contempt for women and intolerance and condemnation of non-standard sexual
habits, from restraint to homosexuality). And because sex is also a difficult game, the ur-fascist hero tends to play with weapons - which
becomes an ersatz phallic exercise.
13. Ur-fascism is based on selective populism, qualitative populism, we might say. In a democracy, citizens have individual rights, but as a
whole they have political influence only in quantitative terms - the individual must obey the decisions of the majority. In the case of
ur-fascism, however, individuals have no rights as individuals, and the people are considered to be a quality, monolithic entity that
expresses the general will. Because the general will can no longer be expressed by the quantity of human individuals, he claims to be its
interpreter as leader. When citizens have lost their power to delegate their representative, they no longer act; they are only called to
play the role of the People. Thus the People become mere theatrical fiction. To show a good example of qualitative populism, we no longer
need Piazza Venezia in Rome or the Nuremberg Stadium.
Because of its qualitative populism, ur-fascism must be directed against "rotten" parliamentary governments. One of Mussolini's first
sentences in the Italian parliament was, "I could turn this barren and bleak place into a shelter for my manipulators." (Manipul was a
subdivision of the traditional Roman legions.) but only a little later he liquidated the parliament. Whenever a politician begins to
question the legitimacy of parliament because he no longer represents the Voice of the People, we can smell ur-fascism.
14. Ur-Fascism speaks newspeak. Newspeak was invented by Orwell in his 1984 novel as the official language of Ingsoc, English socialism. But
elements of ur-fascism are common to various forms of dictatorship. All Nazi or fascist textbooks used impoverished vocabulary and
elementary syntax to limit the tools of complex and critical reasoning. However, we must be prepared to identify other types of newspeak,
even if they appear to be an innocent form of popular talk show.
Translated by -cp-
The full text of Umberto Ec from 1995 can be found, for example, here: www.nybooks.com/articles/1995/06/22/ur-fascism
Published in the anarchist review Existence No. 2/2016 on the topic of Fascination.
https://www.afed.cz/text/7228/ur-fasismus
------------------------------
Message: 5
Solidarity with immigrants. ---- To put an end to the "Europe-Fortress". ---- ...Warm hospitality ---- The reality experienced by refugees
and immigrants in our country in all previous years is well known: travel in the waves or in the wild waters of Evros, (illegal)
deportations from the port to the Aegean or the army in Evros but also from the various parastatal mechanisms that for years have been
operating undisturbed, (illegal) deportations even from the urban centers by the uniformed fascists of EL.AS. months, lack of housing or
accommodation in camps for the vast majority of those who manage to enter our country, lack of access to health care, reduced access to the
obvious human right to asylum through a series of laws that have limited it again and again ridiculing in practice any notion of "human
rights" and "international conventions",
Some of us may have thought that this reality could not be worse for the thousands of people who were forced to flee their country because
of war or poverty. But then came Covid-19 and with horror we saw the reality of refugees and immigrants getting worse, more and more
suffocating, more and more inhuman. This did not surprise us. In exactly the same way that the government saw in the Covid-19 crisis an
amazing opportunity to pass laws and decrees that are disastrous for the social base but also for the environment (night passed... the
suspension of work, the shift work that leads to a 50% reduction in wages, the liberalization of layoffs, the new anti-environmental bill
that dissolves all notions of nature protection,
Immigrant / refugee management on Covid-19
From the outset, absolutely no measures were taken to decongest the camps. Thousands of people, many of them with health problems that make
them obviously vulnerable to the virus groups, were left crammed into closed or "open" "hosting" centers. The government did not even
arrange for the individual transportation outside the hells of heart patients, cancer patients or lung patients. Immigrants, therefore, were
treated as a potential health risk. They plotted within the structures with a series of decisions that made the structures from "open" to
"partially closed".
The vulgar policy of confining people inside the camps, waiting until the first case (which was obviously a matter of time with the policy
they implemented), to quarantine the entire camp, immediately brought the desired results with many structures entering soon in quarantine.
Finally, without any illusions to the contrary, it is now clear that the measures supposedly taken due to Covid-19 came to stay, turning the
"back door" the camps into regular prisons.
The new law on asylum
The culmination of the (anti) immigration policy pursued by the Greek state is the asylum bill, which passed - after a deformed non-existent
"public consultation" - and which neither more nor less effectively abolished the supposed "human rights" Which until now was supposed to be
defined by international treaties and national law (in practice, of course, all this has always been for those who have in their hands both
the watermelon and the knife, matters of "interpretation"). In short, this bill aimed to further reduce the already degraded access of
migrants / refugees to medical care,
At the same time, the conditions are becoming more difficult, not only for the asylum seekers, due to the new law on asylum, but also for
all the recognized refugees, who are now homeless, based on the Government Gazette 1199, which stipulates that those who receive the A
positive decision on their asylum application should leave their accommodation in apartments of the ESTIA program or in camps within a
month! This means that all recognized refugees, without having been included in any substantial integration plan by the state, just one
month after their recognition and without taking into account any vulnerabilities (such as incurable or malignant diseases, pregnancy,
etc.), are thrown into road. The same has already happened retrospectively to those people who had received, under the previous regime,
Extremely enlightening about the government's plans is the JMC and the invitation issued for the continuation of the ESTIA program, where in
addition to the unthinkable cuts in terms of funds (of the order of 40-60%) which of course mean huge cuts in support services It will also
stipulate that the housing organization (the NGO in question) will not receive the corresponding budget for each accommodation position
"occupied" by a recognized refugee who has refused to leave his home... and be in road (!), 30 days after the date of exit from the program.
That is, even though in our country there is no legal framework for the eviction of people in just one month and although the right to
housing is protected by law for everyone,
At the same time, with a new Government Gazette, the government decided to "rationalize" (!!) the financial aid received by asylum seekers,
from 100% European funding. And in this context, of course, "rationalization" means... reduction!
The "illegal" means and the useful cannibals
And "the drastic restriction of any illegal entry in our country" is not limited only to legal means. In the quarantine were dozens of
allegations of illegal (!) Repatriation of migrants not only to the borders of Evros, but also from the centers of large cities, either with
large raids on places where immigrants lived, who then (disappeared (!), Or with operations on the streets of cities, during which migrants
were abducted and then found... in Turkey. There are dozens of complaints about such practices, even against unaccompanied minors.
In the same climate, after all, that of the "illegal" means is the unformed tolerance of the government towards the racist outbursts of a
part of the locals towards the refugees and the immigrants. In recent months we have seen attacks by "residents" on buses carrying migrants,
and even the burning of entire hotels by the well-known nationalist scoundrel. Now we see "residents" in Kamena Vourla depriving minors of
food (!) In order to force them to leave the hotel where they are staying.
All these "mobilizations", which often take on the dimensions of normal pogroms, are just the other version and the necessary complement to
the anti-immigration policy implemented by the Greek state. What is really sad and outrageous for us is that on the front of hatred that
have been set up in various parts of Greece by local rulers (who derive political value), local bosses (who of course put their profits
above all human life) and organized fascists / neo-Nazis (who socially legitimize their presence and recruit people in their ranks) against
people who are persecuted and tortured, unfortunately, a world of social base also participates.
Workers, that is, who, instead of defending the people of their class, regardless of nationality or religion, allying with them to move
against the interests of bosses and states, eventually ally themselves with their class enemies. Either because they hope that this will
leave a bigger chunk for them than the pie shared by their bosses (slavishly accepting the role of subordinate) even if they have to step on
corpses, or because they have indeed been so blinded by the - methodically impressed and cultivated by the school, the media, etc. -
ideology of national unity, so that they end up "seeing" the threat in the face of people who play their lives crown-letters,
Moria is on fire
Exactly how the flames that burned the hell of Moria on the night of September 8 (which were "rekindled" in the following days as well)
remains unclear and will probably remain so. It is not up to us to speculate here, and why we can not have a satisfactory picture, but also
why we do not think that the essence of the issue is "what exactly happened". Moria was a crime against human dignity. And if some of those
who suffered in their skin every day, felt that by turning it to ashes, they reclaim some of the dignity that the Greek state so
barbarically deprived them of, we have no reason to. What we think we need to focus on is that the real perpetrators of this crime, they
even made sure to replace it with something equally -if not more- criminal: A former army shooting range (with whatever dangers it may
hold), by the sea and exposed to bad weather, with tents set up on the sand... and all these while winter is coming. What could be more
appropriate than a former firing range where army pyrotechnics often search for old explosives to house families with children? What is more
appropriate than the most exposed part of the island to the weather to make a new camp and in fact ??? with tents? And while all this is
happening with the classic promises of "temporary" lease agreements have already been made public until 25 2025!
At the same time, they have launched a witch-hunt for the alleged perpetrators of the arson, which "shouts from afar" that it intends to
terrorize immigrants and refugees - both in Lesvos and in general - in order to suppresses any rebellious and disobedient mood that
manifests itself, while at the same time the chemicals and the attacks of the MAT come to complete the gloomy picture.
Solidarity is our weapon
For us workers, regardless of nationality, refugees and migrants, victims of war and poverty are not managed by state institutions and
economic elites. We do not tolerate human life depending on decisions by transnational organizations such as the EU and Frontex, nation
states and the needs of the economy.
To every power, we respond now and always with class solidarity. The suffering, the persecuted because of the wars and persecutions of every
power and every state, the refugees and the immigrants, are at the heart of our solidarity. They are our class brothers, the most
undervalued, underpaid and precarious part of our class, north in the teeth of every little and big boss. It is our duty to safeguard the
dignity and free movement of all workers, erasing the border lines drawn by the authorities for their subjects, but not for the goods of the
bosses, and demanding the immediate legalization of all immigrants.
We demand that the borders be opened immediately and that the migrants be released. We demand the provision of public care and housing for
those who wish to stay in Greece and the provision of the necessary documents for those who wish to go to other European countries. We
demand that the inferno concentration camps be closed now and that obstacles to asylum procedures, social exclusion and the deprivation of
labor and welfare rights by immigrants be removed.
Always on the side of the weak, the oppressed, the uprooted of this world, regardless of color and religion, locals and "foreigners", we
join hands, raise our fists.
CLOSURE THE IMMIGRATION / EXCLUSION AREAS OF IMMIGRANTS
SOLIDARITY TO THOSE WHO ARE FIGHTING INTO DETENTION CENTERS
JOINT STRUGGLES OF LOCALS - IMMIGRANTS
PAPERS FOR EVERYONE AND FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT
TO BREAK DOWN THE BORDERS, THE FENCES AND THE CONCENTRATION CAMPS
TO OBSTACLE HUMAN ANTI-IMMIGRATION POLICY
TO STOP THE WAR AGAINST IMMIGRANTS
COURSE AGAINST IMMIGRANTS 'INCLUSION CAMPS & SOLIDARITY TO IMMIGRANTS:
THURSDAY OCTOBER 1, 19:00, KAMARA
* we support the Stop War On Migrants assembly block
Thessaloniki Freedom Initiative (member of the Anarchist Federation)
lib_thess@hotmail.com
libertasalonica.wordpress.com
------------------------------
Message: 6
Last Friday, September 18, 7 companies were tried at the Toulouse Court for graffiti, posters and stencils made on Tuesday night (9/15). All
of them were sentenced to 2 months in prison (with no possibility of parole) in Seysses prison (south of Toulouse). ---- These were various
tags and posters against the police, judges, gendarmes, bourgeois, the state and patriarchy. We could read, for example: "Fire kills the
virus, burn your police station", "we will not save the economy, we will destroy it", "with or without a mask, this world is unbreathable,
we will destroy what suffocates us", "Okupe your city hall", "better to die free than to live in confinement", "the police kill, let's
confine it", "ACAB, the worst virus is the authority"... A neighbor filed a complaint and a few minutes later the police arrived and
arrested seven people. They were detained for 48 hours and spent one night in custody, accused of:
- Degradations, with aggravation for grouping
- Imaginary identity
- Refusal to give fingerprints and DNA
In the detention, everyone asked for the same lawyer, but the prosecutor refused under the pretext of "conflict of interest". No one
testified and some of them refused the hearings. During the arrest, at least one person had their DNA taken from a glass of water. The
lawyer was finally able to take the case of the 7 people in "comparution immédiate" (accelerated trial that occurs after the arrest). There
were three civil parties, the city hall of Toulouse and two co-owned unions (SOGEM among them).
During the hearing, people did not answer any questions, maintained their identities and simply declared that they did not recognize the facts.
The public prosecutor requested a group sentence, as it was impossible to individualize the sentences, based on the profile of each one. The
prosecutor requested 3 months in prison with immediate entry. When the judge pronounced the sentence for 2 months, the people present in the
room and outside expressed their anger and solidarity. The judge asked for the arrest of one of the people for "attacking the magistrate's
image". Several tried to intervene and the police used their baton. The person they wanted to arrest was pushed and fell. As a result, she
was referred to the hospital and then sent directly to the police station.
We will share other information very soon.
NEITHER INNOCENT OR GUILTY! DEATH TO JUSTICE AND ITS WORLD.
We express all our solidarity!
(THE)
Translation> Liberto
anarchist news agency-ana
------------------------------
Message: 7
Often in current news, anarchism is totally misunderstood. One of the myths is that it is a movement for white people ---- Opponents of
racial justice protests across the country generally condemn activists as "anarchists". It is a false characterization that aims to defame
the protesters as violent and nihilistic. And yet, as sociologist Dana M. Williams writes, modern anarchism - a political philosophy that
generally opposes coercion, hierarchy and inequality, both within activist movements and in the world at large - has a history of decades in
the anti-racist organization led by blacks. ---- Williams writes that there was some interaction between the civil rights organization in
the 1950s and the broad white-headed anarcho-pacifist groups. But black anarchism did begin in the late 1960s, arising mainly outside the
white American anarchist tradition.
The Civil Rights and Black Power movements of the 1960s largely depended on centralized structures. Lorenzo Kom'boa Ervin, who helped create
theBlack Autonomy Network of Community Organizers (BANCO)and theFederation of Black Community Partisans (FBCP), wrote that the Black Panther
Party, influenced by Marxism-Leninism, "failed, in part, because of the authoritarian leadership style of Huey P. Newton, Bobby Seale and
others on the Central Committee... There was not much internal democracy in the party and when the contradictions emerged, it was the
leaders who decided on the resolution, not the members. "
In the late 1960s, the Black Panther Party was fragmenting under the weight of police and FBI violence, internal divisions and continuing
white resistance to anti-racist change. Some former members have turned to cultural nationalism, communism or Democratic Party politics. But
others have become anarchists.
Some radical blacks - including Ervin, Ashanti Alston, who now serves on the National Jericho Movement's steering committeefor the release
of U.S. political prisoners, and Kuwasi Balagoon, a former member of theBlack Liberation Army- first encountered anarchist ideas in prison .
Like some white European anarchists, they saw ideology as an antidote against the corrupting influence of power within left-wing
organizations. As Alston wrote in 1999:
Top-down organizations[and]leadership organizations are relationships based on some having brains and the majority having no brains, and
therefore NEED those with brains. I reject that. I love myself and I love the People and, because of that, we all have brains and together
we are smarter than any small group of motherfuckers who claim to be my / our leaders.
Balagoon, who identified himself as a New African Anarchist, stressed that the anti-state orientation of anarchists made them
anti-imperialist. Ervin, on the other hand, argued that anarchism is opposed to all forms of oppression, including "patriarchy, white
supremacy, capitalism, state communism, religious dictates, discrimination againstgays , etc." He supported community-based self-help
societies, worker-controlled food systems, tax avoidance, rental strikes and opposition to police brutality.
Although anarchism has never become central to radical black thinking, Williams notes that many of the most important figures, including
Angela Davis, bell hooks and Audre Lorde, have analyzed political issues in an anti-authoritarian way. These ideas continue to influence
current black-led anti-racist protests, many of which encompass local strategies of mutual support, political goals such as the abolition of
police and prisons, and non-hierarchical "leadership" structures.
Source:https://daily.jstor.org/the-real-story-of-black-anarchists/?fbclid=IwAR2kj6cOMBM4gZYNdmDMk2C7on4SSWey0A4L2NqpDIvPd34-Ca0GLmtvb4U
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Message: 8
The garrison, transformed into a parade, started from the regional school office and is now heading to Piazza Castello. ---- Below is the
text of the flyer distributed by anarchists and the anarchists present for the occasion: ---- "School. The space denied" ---- State school
reopened in September after lockdown. Needless to say, everything is like before, worse than before. ---- Some new counter and lots of smoke
in the eye: no building safety, no extra space, no new assumption to pass the henhouse classes. The precarious have not been stabilized,
while the nominations on empty chairs are in chaos, between wrong rankings and online calls. ---- "covid" teachers, if they are ever
nominated, are disposable workers: in case of a new closure or the pandemic runs out, they will be fired without compensation.
On digital teaching, in case of lockdown, there is no guarantee of access to education for all. We need devices in comfortable use for
students and teachers, pay for the aggravation of work, reward the use of own resources in carrying out activities. It would be appropriate
to protect personal data, avoiding turning schools into a sort of free gym where companies in the sector can test their commercial products
for free, treasure the information collected and, perhaps, trade navigation data.
No protection has been provided for fragile workers and students, beyond palliative provisions on desks, temperatures and masks, which,
within overcrowded schools, seem completely insufficient.
They tell us there's no money for school. They lie.
Military expenses in Italy have been growing for years, as well as cuts to school, health, transport.
For those who can afford it there are private clinics, prevention, treatment. For others, life, especially in these months, has become a
lotto terno.
For those who can afford it there are private schools, training abroad, large classrooms and outdoor spaces. For others, the chicken
classes, the disposable teachers, the schools that fall apart on you.
For those who can afford it there are private transport, for the other long awaits of overcrowded and expensive buses.
But it's never fate to decide. Masters and governments decide.
They chose where and how to invest, where and why to spend the money taken from our paychecks.
Military spending has risen from 1,25 % of GDP to a peak of 1,45 % while healthcare spending has fallen by a percentage point.
In 2020 about 26,3 billion were allocated in military spending, one and a half billion more than in 2019. than in 2019., 5,9 billion euros
were allocated to the purchase of new weapon systems.
In summer the government decided to refinance military missions. Reconfirmed last year's over 40 missions, including those in Libya, Iraq,
Niger, Afghanistan, Lebanon, Balkans and Latvia, for an overall figure that, in line with previous years, largely exceeds EUR 40 billion.
Other fronts open from Libya to the Sahel to the Gulf of Guinea and the number of military employed grows, which touches 8.613.
Try to imagine how much better our lives would be if the billions used to bring men, women and children into Libyan lagers, to guarantee the
interests of ENi in Africa, to invest in arms, military in the streets of our suburbs were used for school, healthcare , transportation.
But imagining is not enough. We need to change paradigm.
State schools are increasingly confirmed as storage spaces for children * and girls *. In a society still mainly familiar and based on
labour exploitation, the government provides spaces where minors can spend the time when parents work. Authoritarian socialization spaces,
where to train in flexibility and obedience, to be ready for a future that will be increasingly precarious.
We need radical changes. Needless to bask in the re-propose of an unattractable welfare perspective today. The welfare illusion gives a
blank delegation to the State, which today, when under strong pressure, is limited to handouts.
We build territorial assemblies, spaces, schools, transportation, self-managed clinics. They tell us the fairy tale that a complex society
is ungovernable from the bottom as they drown us in the chaos of centralized and bureaucratic management of schools, hospitals and
transport. The logic is that of control and business. We need to break it.
It's urgent to change the course. With direct action, building non-state political spaces, multiplying self-management experiences, building
social networks that know how to jam the machine and make strikes and territorial struggles effective.
A world without exploitation or exploitation, without servants or owners, a world of free and equal is possible.
It's our turn to build it."
Turin Anarchist Federation
Corso Palermo 46-meetings - open to interested parties - every Tuesday at 21
contacts: fai_torino@autistici.org-www.anarresinfo.org-fb: @senzafrontiere.to
https://www.facebook.com/senzafrontiere.to/posts/706981239889637
------------------------------
Message: 9
If the Paris Commune, in 1871, remained famous, its prodromes are much less known. And for good reason: these are failed and subdued
insurrectionary attempts that their protagonists themselves preferred to forget. And whose opponents laughed a lot. This is the case of the
revolutionary day of September 28, 1870 in Lyon, whose guignolesque version imagined by Karl Marx to discredit his rival Bakunin has long
been authoritative. But what really happened ? ---- In the fall of 1870, France went through a revolutionary crisis. Defeated in five weeks
by the German armies, Napoleon III was ashore; on September 4, the people invaded the streets and proclaimed the republic; a provisional
government was instituted but, incarnating the moderate bourgeoisie, it quickly made itself unpopular by its inertia, showing itself
especially in a hurry to negotiate the surrender and to maintain order in the country.
He was however shaken up by the tumultuous rise of patriotism in the working class, galvanized by the memory of 1792-1793, when the armed
people, "raised en masse", had, in order to save their revolution, defeated the royal armies of the United Kingdom. Coalition Europe.
Indeed, for many, with September 4, the nature of the war has changed: it is no longer a question of a contemptible dynastic conflict
between monarchs ... but of revolutionary France invaded by Prussian militarism.
For the extreme left, we must raise and arm the people and, if the provisional government stands in the way, overthrow them. This is the
line of Auguste Blanqui and his disciples, who form the most serious revolutionary faction of the time. It is also the line of the French
sections of the International Association of Workers (AIT), in opposition to the General Council of London, led by Karl Marx, which preaches
resignation to French workers for reasons that are not credible[1].
Another famous animator of the AIT, the Russian Michel Bakunin was then in Locarno, Italy, where he hastily wrote an intervention brochure,
advocating a people's war which could lead to the "unleashing of the revolution throughout Europe."[2].
But where will the initiative come from? No doubt not from Paris, absorbed by "its own defense". Lyon, on the other hand, can play a
strategic role, he wrote to his correspondents on the spot[3].
For Bakunin, the city has several advantages: it is relatively far from the front; AIT has a strong section there, influenced by its
libertarian ideas; the proletariat is numerous and active there, whether in the old working-class district of Croix-Rousse, which saw the
uprisings of the canuts of 1831, 1834, 1848 and 1849, or in the new working-class district of Guillotière, where multiplied strikes in
1868-1869[4].
1.5 francs per day, a gun and ... a nice uniform
Finally, Lyon is in full swing. On the morning of September 4, the crowd invaded the town hall. From the balcony, Charles Beauvoir, a former
1848 activist of the AIT, proclaimed the republic, ahead of Gambetta by a few hours in Paris. The red flag will fly for six months on the
building before being replaced by the tricolor. A "committee of public safety" - in which the AIT people participate - dismisses the
regime's executives and frees political detainees. At his call, 10,000 people enlist in the mobile national guard.
The National Guard is the reserve of the regular army. All young men not drawn for the long service are supposed to follow regular training
periods there. The staff, which swears only by the regular army, despises this poorly trained and poorly disciplined "citizen army". The
National Guards, in fact, are not encased. As they sleep at home and maintain links with the civilian population, each battalion reflects
the social composition of its neighborhood - there are therefore bourgeois battalions, rather partisans of order, and popular battalions,
more inclined (without guarantee !) to fraternize with the demonstrators. Especially since after September 4, the battalions elect their
officers. In Paris, revolutionaries seize the opportunity, stand as candidates, and are often elected.
For the tens of thousands of men - and sometimes women, like Louise Michel - who enlisted there, the National Guard became a place of
sociability and politicization, while providing an allowance of 1.5 francs per day, a rifle and ... a nice uniform! [5]. The provisional
government is right to be afraid of it: it is these popular battalions of the National Guard which, empowered and federated, will become six
months later the armed wing of the Paris Commune.
In Lyon, on the other hand, and this will contribute to the failure, the officers of the National Guard are mostly loyalists. Bakunin
arrives in the city on September 15, accompanied by two seasoned comrades, veterans of the Polish uprising of 1863. They come to fight.
Bakunin, who was then 56 years old, considers that he is playing there, "probably", his "last game"[6]. He was warmly welcomed by the Lyon
activists of the AIT.
Place des Terreaux, after September 4. At the call of the public safety committee, 10,000 people volunteered to fight.
At their head, a semi-intellectual, a good organizer but quite a megalomaniac, Albert Richard (24 years old); a fairly talented and
courageous employee, Gaspard Blanc (25 years old); a tailor full of common sense, Louis Palix (41); a plasterer leader of men, Eugène
Saignes. All are magnetized by Bakunin, perhaps more by attachment to an extraordinary character than by adherence to his libertarian
vision, still very fresh. We are ten years before the real birth of the anarchist movement, and the doctrine is far from being fixed.
After Lyon, Albert Richard (1846-1925) will be judged severely within the AIT: conceited, inconsistent ... then renegade. after a
Bonapartist mistake, he returned to socialism alongside Jean Allemane.
The situation is changing. On the day of Bakunin's arrival in Lyon, the public safety committee dissolved itself to make way for an elected
municipal council. Unsurprisingly, this one is more moderate, and much less proletarian. From September 17, during a meeting bringing
together several thousand people in Brotteaux, the AIT launched a competing force: the Committee for the Salvation of France. Insurgency is
the order of the day.
At the end of a revolutionary life, Michel Bakounine (1814-1876) came to Lyon to fight his last fight. The idea of a "revolutionary
federation of municipalities" to replace the centralized state, is typically his own.
Should we, yes or no, demonstrate in arms ?
For ten days, we review the scenarios, alliances, complicity. We can count on "General" Cluseret, an adventurer who fought in Italy with
Garibaldi, then with the northerners in the Civil War - and whom we will realize, too late, that he is very overestimated! The plan is to
provoke a demonstration over revolutionary demands linked to national defense, and to overthrow the city council if it refuses to endorse
them. Bakunin and the two Polish veterans insist on the need to arm the crowd. In vain. The French think they can win the piece peacefully,
by sheer force of numbers. The coup is decided for September 28.
A member of the AIT, Gustave Cluseret (1823-1900) is above all an adventurer in search of a cause to rally. After the failure of Lyon, he
will assume military responsibilities for the Commune of Paris, and will prove to be quite incompetent.
The day before, during a big meeting with the workers in struggle of the national sites, the Committee of the salvation of France calls for
the replacement of the provisional government by a federation of decentralized and fighting municipalities. The next day is spent preparing
and writing a short program.
Early in the morning of September 28, finally, the city is covered with 500 purple posters stamped "Revolutionary Federation of Communes"
and signed by 26 activists, including Richard, Blanc, Beauvoir, Saignes, Palix and Bakounine. To remedy the "disastrous situation" of the
country, seven resolutions are proposed, the first of which is: "the administrative and governmental machine of the State, having become
impotent, is abolished" . It must be replaced by a "Revolutionary Convention" which would sit in Lyon, and to which each department would
send "two delegates". The "broken" municipalities would be replaced by "committees for the salvation of France, which will exercise all
powers under the immediate control of the people" .
Revolutionaries throw in the towel
During the posting, squads go to the construction sites to call for a strike and action. With success! In the morning, a demonstration of
several thousand workers from Brotteaux and La Guillotière, red flags in the wind, lead to the Place des Terreaux. The town hall is
invested. Eugène Saignes, red scarf around his neck, reaches the balcony and reads the poster to the excited crowd. The National Guard puts
the butt in the air. The "generalCluseret, at the head of a group of demonstrators, left to raise the Croix-Rousse. In the building,
however, all did not go smoothly: bourgeois officers of the National Guard corner Bakunin and lock him in a room for several hours. It is
issued by a group of workers who have come to the rescue, who expel the officers into the courtyard, then sequester the mayor and the
prefect. But here is Bakunin who turns pale at the turn of events in his absence: the militants of the AIT are installed at the table of the
municipal council, and deliberate on the "first revolutionary measures". Untimely talks, while outside, the party of order is pulling
together ! In the square, battalions of bourgeois national guards begin to surround the demonstrators. And the Croix-Rousse which does not
arrive! Cluseret returns empty-handed. Eloquence - and conviction, witnesses will say[7]- failed him. Attempting everything, Bakunin
provokes the bourgeois national guards to provoke an aggression, and a clash with the crowd. No result.
Around 6.30 p.m., seeing that only a minority of the National Guard had fraternized with the insurgents, the militants of the AIT lost
courage. Albert Richard negotiates the evacuation. The town hall is abandoned and, as night falls, the sober crowd is pushed out of Place
des Terreaux by the National Guard. Failure of the revolutionary day, without bloodshed. The repression will begin two days later, and
Bakunin will have to hide for some time in Marseille before re-embarking for Locarno. Demoralized, he attributed the failure of the
insurrection to the "revolutionary inexperience" of the Lyon AIT, and to the "cowardice" of Cluseret[8].
So had Bakunin acted like an "ass", as Marx wrote[9], or else like a consistent revolutionary? Taking the opposite view of the doxa, Yuri
Steklov, a Bolshevik historian who lived in 1917, considered that Bakunin's strategy to transform imperialist war into revolutionary war was
in fact nothing extravagant: "No one, then, n 'came up with a better plan"[10].
Neither histrion who decrees the abolition of the state from the balcony of the town hall, nor general-in-chief to whom one can blame the
success or the failure, Bakunin was nevertheless a leading actor of this month of September from Lyon. His presence was expected; his
charisma and his experience encouraged the militants of the AIT to take the leap of the insurrection. The mechanic Antoine Perrare[11], who
took part in September 28, and who was to do it again in March 1871, made this fair judgment: "Without him, we would have done less, or we
would have acted less quickly."
This attempt will not remain without a future. There will be many others, in Lyon itself, in Saint-Étienne, in Marseille, in Narbonne and
elsewhere, but only the Paris Commune will stand out. Its fall, in May 1871, will close the revolutionary cycle opened in August 1870[12], a
cycle of which this insurrectionary day in Lyon was one of the episodes.
Guillaume Davranche (UCL Montreuil)
Nine months of bubbling
July 19, 1870: French declaration of war on Prussia.
July 20: pacifist demonstration of thousands of Lyonnais at the call of the AIT.
August: French defeats in Wissembourg, Forbach, Gravelotte.
August 8-14: series of anti-Bonapartist riots in Marseille, Bordeaux, Lyon, Paris. We wave the red flag, we shout "Long live the Republic",
we confront the police.
September 2: disaster of Sedan. The imperial army is destroyed, Napoleon III prisoner.
September 4:in Paris, Lyon, Marseille and elsewhere, the republic is proclaimed, the old regime crumbles. A provisional government is
established, and begins negotiations with Bismarck. The far left accuses him of sabotaging the mass levy to preserve social order.
September 15, 1870: Bakounine joined the AIT in Lyon.
September 17: creation of the Committee for the Salvation of France.
September 22-26: revolt in Martinique.
September 28: insurrectionary attempt in Lyon, with Bakounine, Saignes, Richard.
October 31: insurrectionary attempt in Paris with Blanqui and Flourens.
December 20: new attempt in Lyon.
March 18, 1871:victorious insurrection which symbolically marks the beginning of the Paris Commune.
March 22-31: in solidarity with Paris, brief revolutionary communes in Lyon, Marseille, Saint-Étienne, Narbonne, Toulouse, Limoges.
April-January 30 stMay: The last attempt insurgency in Lyon, Guillotière, overcome by repression.
May 21-28: Bloody Week puts an end to the Paris Commune.
Validate
[1] Marx and Engels wanted a Prussian victory to achieve German unification, which was to lead to the "supremacy" of the German working
class over the French, which "would at the same time be the supremacy of our theory over that of Proudhon" (Letter from Marx to Engels of
July 20, 1870).
[2] Letters to a Frenchman on the current crisis , September 1870, 43 pages, printed in Switzerland by James Guillaume.
[3] Letter from Bakunin to Albert Richard, September 4, 1870.
[4] Madeleine Grawitz, Michel Bakounine , Plon, 1990, pages 383-449.
[5] Michelle Zancarini-Fournel, The Struggles and the Dreams. A popular history of France , Zones, 2016, p. 351
[6] Letter to Karl Vogt, September 7, 1870.
[7] Madeleine Grawitz, op. cit. , pages 447-448.
[8] Madeleine Grawitz, op. cit. , pages 452.
[9] Letter to ES Beesly, October 19, 1870.
[10] Quoted by Fernand Rude, De la guerre à la Commune , Anthropos, 1972.
[11] Quoted in Madeleine Grawitz, op. cit. , page 456.
[12] Jean-Christophe Angaut, "Marx, Bakounine and the Franco-German War", 2005. on Sens-public.org.
https://www.unioncommunistelibertaire.org/?1870-Faire-la-guerre-et-la-revolution-avec-Bakounine-a-Lyon
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