#WORLD #WORLDWIDE #TURKEY #ANARCHISM #News #Journal #Update - (en) Turkey: Revolutionary Anarchism: Anarchist Organization - Karala (ca, de, it, pt, tr)[machine translation]

 " If you were alone, if each of you had to act on your own, you would undoubtedly

be powerless; but only when you come together and organize your forces, however
weak they may be in the beginning, for common action guided by shared ideas and
attitudes, by working together for a common cause, will you be invincible. " ----
Mikhail Bakunin ---- Contrary to the last few years, in the geography we live in,
anarchism has always been told by its enemies. Although the roots of anarchism as
a thought and movement go back 200 years in almost every geography of the world;
The concept has been used as a malicious adjective by the state in the geography
we live in.
The word -anarchy-, which was freed from the -ism suffix and compressed into the
content of an event/situation; It became the definition of any extraordinary and
frightening event involving mayhem and chaos, from traffic accidents to bank
robberies. From socialist revolutionaries to fascist gangs, everyone has been
branded an anarchist for decades.

It is quite understandable that an anti-state sentiment is such a target of
states. It should be noted that all these policies are not unique to the Turkish
state, and that the roots of these practices, which are an ideological attack,
are based on the "Conference for the Protection of Society against Anarchists"
held in Rome in 1898, which brought together all the great states of the period,
including the enemies. However, since it lacks an anarchist tradition that exists
in many parts of the world and has a deep-rooted struggle experience, it is
necessary to open a special parenthesis for the geography we live in.

The struggles waged for many years in other geographies were able to resist these
attacks of the states as much as they could. However, since we could not talk
about the strong roots of anarchism dating back hundreds of years in the
geography we live in, this ideological attack was successful.

Millions of people are familiar with anarchism as "anarchy," as the state or
stately thought. This social reality puts the first great responsibility before
the struggle for anarchism in the geography we live in. Just as our comrades in
Iberia, at the other end of the Mediterranean, are knitting a real revolution, it
is the responsibility to organize anarchism as a thought and a movement, going
from village to village, city to city, door to door.

For us, the anarchist organization, whose existence is an indisputable need free
from this responsibility, is the most important tool to fulfill this
responsibility. Because, in Malatesta's words, "Sometimes individual propaganda,
which is mostly a simple way out to quell the ailments of conscience, has little
or no effect in achieving the goal. The soil is very ungrateful to seeds sown
haphazardly to sprout and take root."

" I think an anarchist organization has full autonomy and independence, and hence
responsibility, vis-à-vis individuals and groups, free agreement among those who
consider it useful to come together to take cooperative action for common ends,
not taking action against the accepted program and keeping promises, moral should
be considered as a duty. Practical forms and appropriate means are then
determined to bring the organization to life on this basis. "

Errico Malatesta

Intellectual efforts alone cannot be an effective tool to counter this
destruction, which is rooted in an extensive ideological attack of hundreds of
years. If not for nothing, the anarchist organization is the only real recipe for
this ideological struggle, especially in the geography we live in.

Anarchism, its history with an organized thought and movement and its position in
the history of social struggles is obvious; As a result of all these ideological
attacks, the anarchist organization was tried to be pushed into a controversial
position. Because one of the most important pillars of this ideological attack is
the propaganda that the opposition to power, which is the basic principle of
anarchism, contradicts the idea of organization.

This propaganda finds its response to the extent that state thought permeates
people because this thought treats power as a natural law. The more a person is
under the influence of state thought, which cannot describe anything as impotent,
the more he is under the influence of this propaganda.

Even though the existence of an anarchist organization is enough to refute this
propaganda, putting the idea of an anarchist organization in its place is the
prerequisite to be able to resist this propaganda. Anarchist organization
practices in the geography we live in until today; Although he mentions the
indisputable necessity of anarchist organization and its contradiction with
anarchism, "What kind of anarchist organization?" The answer to the question was
not given properly.

The answer to this question remained hidden when a research was undertaken with a
specific focus, but some inferences to be drawn from practical experience. This
procrastination has caused a serious ambiguity in the anarchist conception of
organization. Of course, we are aware that anarchism cannot fit into intellectual
descriptions, gilded programs and fancy words. However, to move the anarchist
organization beyond history, memories and experiences; It is also necessary to
put it in a real framework in today's world.

Although this text does not claim to be an answer to this question on its own, it
is an effort to make the water as clear as possible.

An Introduction: The Anarchist Organization

For us, organization is essentially the gathering of individuals to determine and
meet all their vital needs. At the same time, organization is a necessity for the
survival of living things and the continuity of the species. Acting as a group,
even when the conditions in nature got harsher, made it possible to survive.
Especially in difficult times such as famine and drought, the importance of
acting as a community has become more evident. It was easier for a single
individual to meet basic needs, such as food, that were difficult to meet at such
times, when he acted as a group.

Individuals who have experienced acting as a community from past to present have
understood that the condition of sustaining and facilitating life is
organization. Organization is a necessity for life. Organization is vital, but it
is also a need to combat property and authority-based mechanisms that are wrapped
in potent relationships that threaten our lives. Considering this way, the need
for a political organization emerges.

In anarchism, the vital and the political are intertwined. In other words,
political organization is also a structure that regulates the forms of relations
and makes life economically and socially common, apart from political activity.
Vital organizations in anarchism, on the other hand, politicize individuals in
common economic and social life spaces by forming impotent forms of
relationships. A total struggle cannot be separated from the politicization of
life and the vitalization of the political.

This remake may begin with the revolutionary organization's perception of itself
as a catalyst rather than a "pioneer". The revolutionary organization must see
clearly that its aim is not to seize power, but to disperse power, even that the
whole problem of power - the problem of control from below and above - can only
be resolved when there is no so-called bottom and top.

Murray Bookchin

Mechanisms based on ownership and authority created by the relations with power
have perpetuated the power in the relations between individuals in the society.
The character of the individual in power relations is passionate, selfish and
competitive.

These features, which the system imposes on the individual's character, prevent
the individual from coming together with other individuals. The individual, who
is unable to meet even his most basic needs, experiences despair, loneliness,
etc. begins to feel distrust towards other individuals with feelings. In this
way, the system spreads insecurity to all individuals in the society.

And now individuals are compelled to rely only on the mechanisms of authority and
property and the relationship they bring about. Individuals living in this
insecure society are segregated according to gender, class, race and religion and
are more easily controlled by the system. The system thus prevents individuals
from coming together and organizing.

State institutions, law enforcement and political parties in the political field;
companies, banks, market and state economic institutions in the economic field;
In the social field, structures such as family, educational institutions,
non-governmental organizations and religious institutions claim to be today's
social organizations.

These institutions, which claim to meet all the political, economic and social
needs of the society and prevent the existence of any social organization other
than their own understanding, deprive the society of both its needs and its
freedoms. In this society, where political, economic and social injustices exist,
the emergence of organizations where the needs of individuals are determined and
met is also prevented.

Vital organization for anarchism is the impotent realization of the relationship
between individuals; It is the provision of daily functioning, meeting the needs
and solving the problems encountered not by the influence of any power mechanism,
but by the relations based on the will and responsibility of the individuals in
that society.

Problems experienced in daily functioning and meeting needs are resolved with
solidarity. It becomes clear that the individual who thinks he is alone and
powerless in the face of these problems is not alone and powerless in sociality
and harmony. This type of relationship reinforces the sense of trust between
individuals. The individual realizes the state of being an individual only in
such a unity, that is, in the vital organization.

The wishes and needs of all individuals can only be met fairly in such a society.
While the relations of production, consumption and distribution are formed with
the principle of everyone giving as much as they can and taking as much as they
need, the freedom of individuals is maintained through decisions in which they
can speak indefinitely. The purging of the potent relations of the day-to-day
operation, the internalization, dissemination and maintenance of anarchist
principles are necessary for realizing the social revolution.

Vital organization is also necessary in order to transform the present and the
present, to establish the vital order of an anarchist world now. There is a need
for a political struggle, which aims to eliminate mechanisms based on property
and authority, which includes the consistency of words and actions, which ensures
the internalization, dissemination and maintenance of anarchist principles, and
creates political salience in all areas of society, and as a necessity of this
struggle, a political organization is needed.

The aim of this organization is to take action to destroy the authority and
property-based system and its injustices that abolish the freedom of the
individual and society, and to produce solutions and methods with the strategies
and maneuvers it determines.

While struggling against a state-based and capitalist system, organizations such
as collectives, federations and confederations should be established, which
reveal the coexistence of vital and political organizations in order to be able
to live now, without delaying the revolution.

If a single reckless act is enough to make the giant giant tremble; When we come
together as if to incarnate hope, why not bring it to our knees?

Pyotr Kropotkin

Anarchism is based on the fact that individuals operate directly democratic
decision processes with an understanding of life based on sharing and solidarity.
Providing social and economic needs in this operation; at the commune and popular
assemblies where everyone participates at the local level; It is generally
organized through organizations such as federations and confederations.

Anarchism is a system that is based on the ecological harmony of man in his
relationship with nature, the elimination of his domination in relations between
the sexes, the organization of a sharing culture against the consumption culture
imposed by property and capitalism, and which creates its own economic and social
organization, that is, a system that abolishes all forms of relations based on
domination. The basis of such a relationship and the establishment of a new life
is the vital and political organizations that will meet the economic, social and
political needs.

Collectives and cooperatives to organize production, consumption and
distribution; communes forming free living spaces; There will be federations in
which the relationship between these collectives, cooperatives and communes will
be determined and communication between them will be determined, and there will
be confederations that will determine the relationship and communication between
these federations, and organizations that will ensure functioning that is not
based on ownership and authority.

An anarchist life will be built on the basis of classlessness, locality and
freedom, rather than the centralized, class planning of the capitalist economy.
Production will be organized in a need-oriented and collective way, not
profit-oriented and competitive; will be coordinated with decentralized planning.
On this basis, the economy will turn into a functioning intertwined with the
political and social.

Political decisions will be coordinated with decentralized federalism, with
decisions made by local organizations in their own assemblies. By creating
decision mechanisms at the level of neighborhood, region, federation and
confederation, instead of bureaucracy mechanisms created on the basis of power;
plan, strategy and coordination will be ensured, and vital and political
decisions will be implemented in a coordinated manner.

Although the organizations that provide the needs in this economic, social and
political field seem to be separate from each other, the fact that these three
are inseparable; collective, cooperative, commune, federation, confederation etc.
It removes organizations from being structures that only take decisions in
certain areas and have certain boundaries. Just as anarchism emphasizes the
inseparability of the political and the vital, these structures within an
anarchist operation act with the same holistic point of view.

Apart from these vital and political organizations that act with a holistic
perspective, anarchists create self-organizations that come together with common
problems. Self-organizations are important in terms of ensuring social
organization and interaction as a part of the holistic struggle.

Just as the social revolution is not a miraculous moment that will change
everything at once, but a process, these self-organizations play an important
role in the construction of different dimensions of the social revolution. Their
ability to act both politically and vitally keeps them associated with structures
such as communes, cooperatives, and federations.

In anarchism, it is the organization and organization that keeps individuals
together with their vital and political needs. Anarchist organizations, from the
most local to the largest, are structures where the operation and decisions are
not determined by a center and there is no hierarchy.

Anarchist organization becomes a vital and political force for us anarchists
against the total attack of the system based on authority and property. We can
stay strong only if we are organized in a state and capitalist society. Although
the possibility of struggling without an organization is mentioned, only an
organized struggle has been permanent and effective against the system from past
to present.

Decision; It is the most fundamental principle of the anarchist organization.
Every organized individual is responsible for participating in the
decision-making. In an anarchist organization, decisions are not made, they are
decided.

The decision is implemented by the method of direct democracy. Direct democracy
is in contrast to representative democracy; It is a method that operates in a
decentralized, horizontal manner, where the individual does not surrender his
will to another individual, and which adopts the individual's eternal right to
speak as a principle. Decisions are maintained by adopting this method. Neither
the majority imposes its will on the minority nor the minority on the majority.
The important thing is that each individual participates in the decision
voluntarily. Thus, the will of each individual influences the decision. Decision
is indispensable for an anarchist organization where there is no power relations
and the individual realizes himself.

Throughout the revolutionary struggle, anarchism not only overthrows governments
and destroys their laws, but also creates the society that determines their
values, customs, and morals. This is what makes anarchism increasingly
understandable and digestible by the oppressed. All of this leads us to a firm
belief that anarchism can no longer be squeezed within the narrow parameters of a
marginal thought created by just a few isolated small groups!

Nestor Makhno

There is no representation relationship in an anarchist organization.
Representation is the surrender of the will of the individual and the community
to a single person or group. No one can decide for another. In the relationship
of representation, the will of the individual in determining and implementing all
decisions that will affect himself and his life is eliminated. The representation
relationship is an authoritarian, status, hierarchical and domination-based
relationship.

State; security and control mechanisms form the relationship of representation
with parliament, law, judiciary and militarist organizations. Thus, the
relationship of representation becomes absolute with the state. Every citizen
represented by the state becomes a necessary part of this absolutized relationship.
The representation relationship of the modern state is maintained with a
representation system based on election and election.

In order to control the individuals in the society, the state primarily separates
the society with artificial distinctions (political view, interest unions, etc.)
based on the representation system. While the state makes these power-based
divisions under the name of democracy, it makes its citizens feel as if they are
participating in the social process with the right to vote in local and general
elections.

However, every practice in the power-based representation system (authoritarian,
status-based, hierarchical and dominance-based) ignores the will of the
individual (partisanship, parliamentary deputies, party membership, voting
rights, etc.). Where there is authority, there is no freedom. In decision making,
direct democracy is based on the individual's experience of freedom. With the
abolition of the system of representation, passive individuals become active. The
individual has an eternal say in every decision that will affect himself and his
life, taken by the organization he is in. While saying this word, a relationship
based on hierarchy and domination is not developed. It is the only form of
relationship in which all individuals can experience freedom.

Decision-making in an anarchist organization is a process in which there is no
center, decisions do not come from this center, there is no parent-subordinate
relationship, and everyone takes place in a horizontal way. In the
decision-making process, labor, age, knowledge, experience, talent, etc.
Attributes are not transformed into hierarchies and instruments of domination
that neutralize other individuals. Individuals participate in the decision making
without interrupting each other. Participation in the decision-making is required
and provided voluntarily. Three different approaches can emerge in making decisions.

Participation in the Decision: The opinion that the proposal discussed and
discussed during the decision-making process is adopted by one or more
individuals and the decision works.

Giving Way: The opinion that the proposal that is discussed and discussed during
the decision-making process is not adopted by one or more individuals, but that
the decision will work.

Commenting: The opinion that the proposal discussed and discussed during the
decision-making process is not adopted by one or more individuals and the
decision will not work.

Interaction is important in decision making processes. Every decision can be
re-evaluated with this interaction and opened to discussion. One of these
approaches in the decision-making process, participation in the decision ensures
that the decision is implemented quickly. Giving way does not delay the decision
and ensures that the decision is implemented in an arguable way. The giving
individual may or may not be involved in the execution of the decision.
Annotation hinders the implementation of the decision, reopening the decision for
discussion and interaction.

Anyone who tells you that anarchists don't believe in organizing is bullshit.
Organization is everything and everything is organization. All of life is a
conscious or unconscious organization. Every people, every family, even every
individual is an organization or organization. Every part of every living thing
is arranged to work in harmony. Otherwise, different organs could not function
properly and there could be no life. All parts are equally valuable in an
anarchist organization and none is discriminated against. Organizations that are
based on coercion, forcing and suppressing are bad and unhealthy. A voluntarily
formed libertarian organization, where every member is free and equal, is a solid
structure and can work well. Such an organization consists of the free
association of equal parts.

Alexander Berkman

anarchist organization; It consists of individuals who provide a certain
ideological, political and strategic partnership. This voluntary association,
establishing impotent relationships, the transformation of the "I" in capitalism
into the "individual" in the anarchist organization; It prevents the abuse of the
annotation approach. In this case, differences turn into wealth, not separation.

In the decision-making process, a facilitator may be needed to enable each
individual to express their thoughts in order to facilitate decision-making. The
facilitator is variable for decisions, not guiding the decision. It just
coordinates the operation of the process. In this decision-making process, what
the facilitator should pay attention to is the principle of all individuals being
able to speak endlessly.

Except for these views on taking decisions, every decision taken is open to
discussion again. In a situation where the quantity is increased or excessive,
the decision-making processes are operated within the local or organizational
level parts (commune, collective, cooperative, federation, confederation) in
order to ensure that each individual can have an endless word, that is, to
actively participate in the decision.

Quantity should not pacify individuals in decision making. An organizational
coordination organizes the circulation of the decisions of the parts and the
provision of decisions that will affect the whole. This coordination only assumes
responsibility for assembling the parts. It has no right beyond that.

In daily life, situations that require instant decisions may develop. The
decision-making process can also be operated in practice. In this case, actual
decisions are implemented, but decisions that involve and affect all individuals
are discussed, debated and operated in general decision processes where
everyone's participation is required. In any case, the value (weight) of the
decision must be considered. The value of the decision is related to the extent
to which that decision covers and affects all individuals and groups. Individuals
and groups that are not involved in the actual decision-making process can also
intervene in the decision and open it up for discussion again.

There is no power, hierarchy, centralism, selfishness, competition,
representation, domination in anarchist society. Therefore, there cannot be
power, hierarchy, centralism, selfishness, competition, representation,
domination in an anarchist organization either. Power only creates power. Freedom
is created only by freedom.

Anarchists fight for a life where everything belongs to everyone, everyone gives
as much as they can and takes as much as they need, where there is no property,
where all individuals in society are not above or below each other. So the
anarchist organization they have constructed as a means to build this life must
include all of these.

Anarchist organization for us; It is not a tool that will raise the awareness of
the masses, drag them after them, guide them, teach them what to do and how to
make the revolution. The anarchist organization is part of the oppressed. The
anarchist organization is the organized power of the oppressed. It becomes
conscious with the oppressed, learns with the oppressed, finds a way with the
oppressed, and does it with the oppressed. For us, the organization; It is
freedom that overthrows all the idols of the world and organizes a new world on
the ruins of all states.

The description of anarchist organization is also the description of anarchist
society. This is because there is not a single "in principle" difference between
anarchists' ideals and methods, their tomorrows and their present.

https://karala.org/dergi/devrimci-anarsizm-anarsist-orgut/
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