If we take the "Kara" magazine published in 1986 as a milestone,
anarchism has a history of less than forty years as a "movement" inTurkey. On the other hand, apart from well-known names such as Armeniananarchists in the last period of the Ottoman Empire and the philosopherBaha Tevfik, who died in 1914, open sources mention the names of a fewanarchists from the Republican era. Undoubtedly, others can be broughtto light later, but the oldest of these names is Tireli KemalUygunoglu.[1]---- Some information about Kemal Uygunoglu is given in thestatements of Sükrü Dinsel, an intelligence agent who, presumably, methim in 1948 and who had infiltrated the TKP. According to this, "TireliKemal" was a second-hand bookkeeper near the Hatuniye Mosque in Izmir,and his namesake, who moved to Anamur while he was doing business in thesame place, has taken over the business of another Kemal. He describeshimself as an anarcho-communist. Based on this information, it can beargued that Tireli Kemal's awareness of anarchism is related to hishistory as a second-hand booksellers, which increases his chances ofaccessing books.It is known that Tireli Kemal had a wide circle of friends in Izmir inthe late 1940s; He is acquainted with names such as Fadil Balkan, AhmetBilge, Fehim Atay and Mehmet Basibozuk. Sükrü Dinsel states that theywanted to publish a newspaper called 1948 at that time and they plannedto transfer the privilege of the newspaper (in other words, thefinancial burden) to Kemal Uygunoglu, but Kemal did not accept this.Although it is stated that he was not invited to the party by SükrüDinsel because he "does not know discipline", it is not mentionedwhether he has a desire to join the party. As it can be understood fromthe fact that he turned down the offer to publish a newspaper, it seemsthat Kemal did not actually intend to join the TKP.It is known that Kemal Uygunoglu received 1000 liras from his father in1948-1949[2]and with this money (while rejecting Sükrü Dinsel's offer topublish a newspaper) he planned to publish a newspaper called "Hürvatanve Demokrat Türkiye". He is preparing to publish the newspaper inquestion together with the disabled Ömer Aziz Veziroglu, who ispublishing in Izmir. However, things are not going well and AzizVeziroglu is going to Istanbul due to health problems; In this process,Kemal Uygunoglu does not receive the return of the 500-600 liras hespent; It is likely that Aziz Veziroglu uses this money for himself andthe newspaper cannot be published.After the dream of publishing a newspaper collapsed, Tireli Kemal movedto Istanbul in 1949-1950. According to one of his compatriots who sawhim by chance, he occasionally stops by the cafes in Tepebasi andcontinues his political activities. While in Istanbul, his fatherdisowns him for predictable reasons.[3]Kemal Uygunoglu gets a job as a painter in the housing estateconstruction of Emlak Bank in Levent in November 1950. He was arrestedon 14 December 1950, along with his colleague Saban Tekçe, on thegrounds that they were making communist propaganda among the workers andspeaking against the military units. Following the first hearing onMarch 13, 1951, Saban Tekçe was sentenced to 1 year in prison and KemalUygunoglu was sentenced to 2 years in the final hearing on July 15,1951. From these sentences, we can deduce that the court consideredTireli Kemal the "main perpetrator". The fact that these two werearrested and punished in the important newspapers of the time such asMilliyet and Aksam can be considered as an indicator of the"anti-communism" of the power of the period.Aziz Nesin also meets Kemal, who spent the years 1951-1952 in thePasakapisi Prison in Üsküdar; In his notes on the other inmates in theward, he describes Kemal Uygunoglu as "immoral, under a constant senseof inferiority, clumsy[4], megalomaniac, but clever... He is also abraggart." From this, we understand that Tireli Kemal is gay (orbisexual). It can be thought that Aziz Nesin's statements about TireliKemal push the limits of criticism considerably, however, if we look athis comments on other (political) ward friends, it is seen that his moststrident assessment is about Kemal Uygunoglu.After he was released from prison, he was exiled to the Kadinhanidistrict of Konya in 1953, where he is known to have died. There is noprecise information about the date of his death and the place where hewas buried, on the other hand, according to the testimonies of hisfellow countrymen from Tireli, who he did not break with after moving toIstanbul, it is understood that he died shortly after his exile (perhapsin 1953). Likewise, Kemal Uygunoglu's death is clearly mentioned in the1958 statements.This short biography of Tireli Kemal Uygunoglu tells us about therevolutionary efforts of an anarchist-communist who pushed the limits ofhis dreams, albeit alone, continued to try persistently despite hisdefeats.[5][1]Another anarchist whose name is known in the Republican era is TaciKaran (Yusuf Tacettin Karan), who died at the age of 95 in March 2020,in Paris, where he lived since the end of the 1940s. Unlike KemalUygunoglu, Taci Karan defined himself as an anarchist after 1968, afterworking in the TKP and communist circles in Paris for a long time.[2]In order to compare the value of 1000 liras at that time, it can beassumed that in 1950 the monthly income of a secondary school teacher(with salary and other payments) was 45, and the monthly income of ahigh school teacher was 60 lira.[3]According to the cemetery records of Tire district, it is understoodthat his father Abidin Uygunoglu died on June 24, 1975, and his motherAyse Uygunoglu, who was born in 1900, died on April 14, 1974.[4]Playboy: Sodomy[5]All the information in this short biography was compiled from opensources: especially Ibrahim Topçuoglu's "Why two socialist parties,1946: T.K.P. The history of its establishment and struggle, the 3rdvolume of his book titled "1914-1960", the internet archive of thenewspaper Milliyet and the book "Mum Hala: 1951-1979" by Aziz Nesin wereused.https://www.yeryuzupostasi.org/2023/07/01/cumhuriyet-doneminin-ilk-anarsistinin-izinde-tireli-kemal-uygunoglu-batur-ozdinc/_________________________________________A - I N F O S N E W S S E R V I C EBy, For, and About AnarchistsSend news reports to A-infos-en mailing listA-infos-en@ainfos.ca
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