Real Estate Assets in France ---- In 2017, average gross real estate
assets reached EUR194,000, but their distribution was uneven: 10% of
households owned 44% of the total value of French real estate assets,
concentrated in large cities. Real estate assets constituted nearly
two-thirds (62%) of the gross assets (unredeemed debts) of all
households in 2021. Therefore, real estate prices have a very
significant influence on the value of real estate assets. Rising real
estate prices (between 2000 and 2018, the price of existing housing more
than doubled) have a two-way effect: homeowners' assets are rising, but
it is becoming more difficult to become homeowners. 61.2% of households
own at least one home, a proportion that has remained stable for ten
years, but most households in the 30% of households with the lowest
total assets own none or little. Unsurprisingly, the richer you are, the
more assets you have, in proportions that aggravate income inequality.
And which aggravates it even more if we consider that when you own a
home, you don't pay rent, which counts a lot in purchasing power for the
same income. Also unsurprisingly, the older you are, the more likely you
are to own a home(s), and this decreases from the age of 70 (transfer of
assets to children). It is from the age of 40 that you start to have a
second home. Finally, it should be noted that property tax (which has
inevitably increased quite a bit since the abolition of the housing tax)
is a very clearly regressive tax: the richer you are, the less you pay
(proportionally to the value of the home). Households with the lowest
real estate assets pay approximately 0.6% of their value, while the
wealthiest 1% pay an average of 0.18%. This is partly due to the fact
that the wealthiest properties are also the most undervalued in
cadastral values, which serve as the basis for property tax. Finally,
property tax often weighs more heavily in sparsely populated areas.
To summarize, more than 60% of households in France own their homes,
which inevitably has political implications. However, real estate assets
are highly concentrated, with the wealthiest 10% owning more than 40% of
their property. Property tax is a regressive tax: it favors the
wealthiest. Source: I.N.S.E.E., Mathias André, Olivier Meslin, Happiness
is in the Price: Estimation of Household Gross Real Estate Assets Based
on Comprehensive Administrative Data, Working Documents No. 2025-04,
February 2025.
Land Grabbing
The "Climate and Resilience" law plans to halve land consumption between
2022 and 2031 compared to the previous decade. Land consumption is
synonymous in administrative language with the destruction of natural,
agricultural, or forested areas. However, between the beginning of 2012
and the end of 2021, more than 227,000 hectares (0.4% of the national
territory) were consumed in France excluding Mayotte. Urbanized land
thus increased by 6.3%. Housing development alone accounts for 63% of
these changes in use, and economic activity 23%. Infrastructure (roads
and railways) represent 7% of new land consumption. This "consumption"
(destruction) is measured by changes in cadastral use, which therefore
says nothing about the quality of the land in question, either before or
after. In the Île-de-France region, economic activity is responsible for
44% of this destruction, more than housing. Île-de-France is followed by
Hauts-de-France (34% of destruction for economic activity), Grand Est
(28%), and Centre-Val de Loire (27%). After a decline in the early
2010s, the annual destruction of land for economic activity stabilized
from 2015, between 4,700 and 5,500 hectares per year, or roughly half
the surface area of Paris. The destruction of natural spaces by the
industrial sector represents 29% of all land destruction for economic
activity between 2012 and 2021 (for 13% of salaried employment). Offices
and public services (half of salaried employment) consumed a similar
share (28%).
Source: In ten years, offices and public services have consumed as much
natural, agricultural, and forested land as industry, INSEE Première No.
2039, February 2025
Some figures on "migratory subversion"
Immigration is estimated at 10.7% of the population in France, compared
to 15% of the US population and 16% of the Swedish population. If we
only consider the foreign population (part of the immigration is of
French nationality), we fall to 8.2% of the population. European
immigrants, those who do not bother our ministers, represent 3.5% of the
population (yes, a significant part of immigration in France is
European). We are left with a population of non-European origin of about
6%. There are about 300,000 arrivals per year, 1/3 students, 1/3 family
reunification and 1/3 work immigration and refugees. But many immigrants
leave (especially students). If we remove departures, we fall to an
increase of about 180,000 per year. Indeed, arrivals have increased in
recent years. There were 160,000 asylum applications in 2023. The
average grant rate is 40% (60,000 people were granted refugee status
that same year). The number of undocumented migrants is estimated at
700,000 (according to State Medical Aid), and there were 30,000
regularizations in 2023, compared to the 900,000 announced by Spain.
Overall, only 355,000 people arrived illegally in Europe in 2023. This
represents only 0.07% of the European population. And for the most part,
they are not arriving in France (nor are they planning to arrive:
migrants in the Calais region are aiming for England, for example).
Source: "Migratory submersion" does not correspond to any scientific
reality, Tania Racho, Paris Saclay, The Conversation, February 2025
http://oclibertaire.lautre.net/spip.php?article4431
_________________________________________
A - I N F O S N E W S S E R V I C E
By, For, and About Anarchists
Send news reports to A-infos-en mailing list
A-infos-en@ainfos.ca
assets reached EUR194,000, but their distribution was uneven: 10% of
households owned 44% of the total value of French real estate assets,
concentrated in large cities. Real estate assets constituted nearly
two-thirds (62%) of the gross assets (unredeemed debts) of all
households in 2021. Therefore, real estate prices have a very
significant influence on the value of real estate assets. Rising real
estate prices (between 2000 and 2018, the price of existing housing more
than doubled) have a two-way effect: homeowners' assets are rising, but
it is becoming more difficult to become homeowners. 61.2% of households
own at least one home, a proportion that has remained stable for ten
years, but most households in the 30% of households with the lowest
total assets own none or little. Unsurprisingly, the richer you are, the
more assets you have, in proportions that aggravate income inequality.
And which aggravates it even more if we consider that when you own a
home, you don't pay rent, which counts a lot in purchasing power for the
same income. Also unsurprisingly, the older you are, the more likely you
are to own a home(s), and this decreases from the age of 70 (transfer of
assets to children). It is from the age of 40 that you start to have a
second home. Finally, it should be noted that property tax (which has
inevitably increased quite a bit since the abolition of the housing tax)
is a very clearly regressive tax: the richer you are, the less you pay
(proportionally to the value of the home). Households with the lowest
real estate assets pay approximately 0.6% of their value, while the
wealthiest 1% pay an average of 0.18%. This is partly due to the fact
that the wealthiest properties are also the most undervalued in
cadastral values, which serve as the basis for property tax. Finally,
property tax often weighs more heavily in sparsely populated areas.
To summarize, more than 60% of households in France own their homes,
which inevitably has political implications. However, real estate assets
are highly concentrated, with the wealthiest 10% owning more than 40% of
their property. Property tax is a regressive tax: it favors the
wealthiest. Source: I.N.S.E.E., Mathias André, Olivier Meslin, Happiness
is in the Price: Estimation of Household Gross Real Estate Assets Based
on Comprehensive Administrative Data, Working Documents No. 2025-04,
February 2025.
Land Grabbing
The "Climate and Resilience" law plans to halve land consumption between
2022 and 2031 compared to the previous decade. Land consumption is
synonymous in administrative language with the destruction of natural,
agricultural, or forested areas. However, between the beginning of 2012
and the end of 2021, more than 227,000 hectares (0.4% of the national
territory) were consumed in France excluding Mayotte. Urbanized land
thus increased by 6.3%. Housing development alone accounts for 63% of
these changes in use, and economic activity 23%. Infrastructure (roads
and railways) represent 7% of new land consumption. This "consumption"
(destruction) is measured by changes in cadastral use, which therefore
says nothing about the quality of the land in question, either before or
after. In the Île-de-France region, economic activity is responsible for
44% of this destruction, more than housing. Île-de-France is followed by
Hauts-de-France (34% of destruction for economic activity), Grand Est
(28%), and Centre-Val de Loire (27%). After a decline in the early
2010s, the annual destruction of land for economic activity stabilized
from 2015, between 4,700 and 5,500 hectares per year, or roughly half
the surface area of Paris. The destruction of natural spaces by the
industrial sector represents 29% of all land destruction for economic
activity between 2012 and 2021 (for 13% of salaried employment). Offices
and public services (half of salaried employment) consumed a similar
share (28%).
Source: In ten years, offices and public services have consumed as much
natural, agricultural, and forested land as industry, INSEE Première No.
2039, February 2025
Some figures on "migratory subversion"
Immigration is estimated at 10.7% of the population in France, compared
to 15% of the US population and 16% of the Swedish population. If we
only consider the foreign population (part of the immigration is of
French nationality), we fall to 8.2% of the population. European
immigrants, those who do not bother our ministers, represent 3.5% of the
population (yes, a significant part of immigration in France is
European). We are left with a population of non-European origin of about
6%. There are about 300,000 arrivals per year, 1/3 students, 1/3 family
reunification and 1/3 work immigration and refugees. But many immigrants
leave (especially students). If we remove departures, we fall to an
increase of about 180,000 per year. Indeed, arrivals have increased in
recent years. There were 160,000 asylum applications in 2023. The
average grant rate is 40% (60,000 people were granted refugee status
that same year). The number of undocumented migrants is estimated at
700,000 (according to State Medical Aid), and there were 30,000
regularizations in 2023, compared to the 900,000 announced by Spain.
Overall, only 355,000 people arrived illegally in Europe in 2023. This
represents only 0.07% of the European population. And for the most part,
they are not arriving in France (nor are they planning to arrive:
migrants in the Calais region are aiming for England, for example).
Source: "Migratory submersion" does not correspond to any scientific
reality, Tania Racho, Paris Saclay, The Conversation, February 2025
http://oclibertaire.lautre.net/spip.php?article4431
_________________________________________
A - I N F O S N E W S S E R V I C E
By, For, and About Anarchists
Send news reports to A-infos-en mailing list
A-infos-en@ainfos.ca
Geen opmerkingen:
Een reactie posten