It is often the spectacular aspect of roller derby that we remember. It
goes fast, it jostles, the colors are garish, hard to follow at first.
So, sport or spectacle? Do these people only take to the skates for the
love of flashy outfits and puns? Or is all this just a pretext to quench
their thirst for competition and violence? Besides, will we be able to
find this sport at the Olympics?
In the beginning was roller derby! The origins of this sport are
sometimes traced back to the beginning of the 20th century. This is a
long tradition of endurance races or games on skates. It was in the
mid-1930s in the United States that a businessman had the idea of having
teams compete in races.
In the context of the Great Depression, participants flocked and were
desperate to win prizes.
Very quickly, the teams blocked, creating strategies that were
incorporated into the sport. Everything was filmed and broadcast on
television. Speed and aggression served the spectacle. The actions were
theatrical and wearing protection or respecting the rules were optional.
But these games ended up disappearing in the 1970s. Until then, we were
far from a committed and emancipatory sport.
In the 1950s, the first version of roller derby filled stadiums in the
United States and its matches were broadcast on television. The rules
aimed at protecting the participants were not really a priority.
Aumuller, Al
From capitalist origins to a feminist and militant sport
Roller derby as we know it was born later. It all started in the early
2000s in Austin, Texas. Women and queer people were inspired by this
tradition of roller sports to appropriate it. They created their own
rules, but above all, they founded collectives. In this way, they
invested a space that was hostile to them, that of sport, which is more
a sliding and contact sport.
Their practice remains marginal: as for other women's sports, funding is
rare and low, especially for a discipline that does not correspond to
the marketing codes of "women's" sport.
Yet nothing works, more than an appropriation, a sport is born. To do
this, they had to write their own rules, find places to train, develop
strategies, a real organization that tends towards self-management and
is based on communication and care.
Among these people, Shauna Cross wrote a novel about a young
roller-skating athlete: Derby Girl (2007), then the screenplay for the
film Bliss (Whip It!) directed by Drew Barrimore in 2009. Actor Elliot
Page plays a young woman who frees herself from her mother's
expectations of femininity. It's an opportunity to quickly discover the
rules, but above all the camaraderie, the appropriation of the sport by
people who are usually excluded or relegated to the role of foils, and
also a punk and camp aesthetic.
After the release of this film, roller derby almost became part of
popular culture. From the 2010s, roller derby even took root in France.
This sport remains confidential and the Covid epidemic is undermining
local clubs, but the magic continues.
Each match takes place on the track, a track approximately 4 meters wide
on which the players move. In the center and around the track, we find
the many referees, on foot or on skates
Brian & Jay newbz - CC BY 2.0
Abracadacab
A sport based on complex rules (see box) and requiring a wide range of
athletic skills, roller derby is also much more. Besides, you don't
necessarily need to skate to "play derby". For a team sport, contact and
speed to go well, you need more than two teams.
The many rules that govern the matches are mainly aimed at minimizing
the risks during contact between players. Refereeing is strict, and if
teams can discuss a decision after the fact by requesting an "Official
Review", any too virulent challenge by the referees from a player can
quickly be punished with a penalty for insubordination.
GuillaumeG - Creative Commons Attribution - Share Alike 3.0 (not transposed)
First, we need referees, lots of referees! Striped referees on skates
and black referees on foot. In an anti-ableist approach, each volunteer
can find their place and the characteristics of each player are taken
into account by the referees, for example for the hearing impaired. We
also need volunteers, because every aspect of organizing a match and the
life of a club is provided voluntarily by its members.
Special Report - Roller derby: Building a feminist and queer sport
It is often the spectacular aspect of roller derby that we remember. It
goes fast, it jostles, the colors are garish, hard to follow at first.
So, sport or spectacle? Do these people only take to the skates for the
love of flashy outfits and puns? Or is all this just a pretext to quench
their thirst for competition and violence? Besides, will we be able to
find this sport at the Olympics?
In the beginning was roller derby! The origins of this sport are
sometimes traced back to the beginning of the 20th century. This is a
long tradition of endurance races or games on skates. It was in the
mid-1930s in the United States that a businessman had the idea of having
teams compete in races.
In the context of the Great Depression, participants flocked and were
desperate to win prizes.
Very quickly, the teams blocked, creating strategies that were
incorporated into the sport. Everything was filmed and broadcast on
television. Speed and aggression served the spectacle. The actions were
theatrical and wearing protection or respecting the rules were optional.
But these games ended up disappearing in the 1970s. Until then, we were
far from a committed and emancipatory sport.
In the 1950s, the first version of roller derby filled stadiums in the
United States and its matches were broadcast on television. The rules
aimed at protecting the participants were not really a priority.
Aumuller, Al
From capitalist origins to a feminist and militant sport
Roller derby as we know it was born later. It all started in the early
2000s in Austin, Texas. Women and queer people were inspired by this
tradition of roller sports to appropriate it. They created their own
rules, but above all, they founded collectives. In this way, they
invested a space that was hostile to them, that of sport, which is more
a sliding and contact sport.
Their practice remains marginal: as for other women's sports, funding is
rare and low, especially for a discipline that does not correspond to
the marketing codes of "women's" sport.
Yet nothing works, more than an appropriation, a sport is born. To do
this, they had to write their own rules, find places to train, develop
strategies, a real organization that tends towards self-management and
is based on communication and care.
Among these people, Shauna Cross wrote a novel about a young
roller-skating athlete: Derby Girl (2007), then the screenplay for the
film Bliss (Whip It!) directed by Drew Barrimore in 2009. Actor Elliot
Page plays a young woman who frees herself from her mother's
expectations of femininity. It's an opportunity to quickly discover the
rules, but above all the camaraderie, the appropriation of the sport by
people who are usually excluded or relegated to the role of foils, and
also a punk and camp aesthetic.
After the release of this film, roller derby almost became part of
popular culture. From the 2010s, roller derby even took root in France.
This sport remains confidential and the Covid epidemic is undermining
local clubs, but the magic continues.
Each match takes place on the track, a track approximately 4 meters wide
on which the players move. In the center and around the track, we find
the many referees, on foot or on skates
Brian & Jay newbz - CC BY 2.0
Abracadacab
A sport based on complex rules (see box) and requiring a wide range of
athletic skills, roller derby is also much more. Besides, you don't
necessarily need to skate to "play derby". For a team sport, contact and
speed to go well, you need more than two teams.
The many rules that govern the matches are mainly aimed at minimizing
the risks during contact between players. Refereeing is strict, and if
teams can discuss a decision after the fact by requesting an "Official
Review", any too virulent challenge by the referees from a player can
quickly be punished with a penalty for insubordination.
GuillaumeG - Creative Commons Attribution - Share Alike 3.0 (not transposed)
First, we need referees, lots of referees! Striped referees on skates
and black referees on foot. In an anti-ableist approach, each volunteer
can find their place and the characteristics of each player are taken
into account by the referees, for example for the hearing impaired. We
also need volunteers, because every aspect of organizing a match and the
life of a club is provided voluntarily by its members.
Due to its activist origins, modern roller derby quickly questioned the
gender separation of its teams. Conceived from the outset as a women's
sport, most derby teams today are in a chosen mix without cisgender men.
The French team defines itself as a women's team + and includes several
trans people.
It has not failed to show its support for trans people in the context of
transphobic legislative proposals in recent months. The contours of this
chosen mix remain the result of regular discussions within the teams
with the aim of preserving spaces where everyone can find their place.
It is about finding an identity and expressing oneself politically,
which also involves jersey numbers and names, also called derby names.
In addition to the numbers 666, or 404, there are many 1312 (ACAB) and
other 161 (AFA).
In the same way, derby names also allow people to express themselves, to
appropriate an identity often rich in wordplay like Noh'Passar'Ass and
other Abracadacab. Always committed and with a concern for inclusivity,
roller derby also tolerates cisgender men in "All Gender" teams.
Institutionalize but at what price?
This sport requires a significant collective and personal investment. In
exchange, people who invest in it find a caring space in which to
flourish. It is an open space for people who have been excluded from
sport until now.
Care[1]and active listening thus play a central role in creating
powerful bonds of solidarity.
This tradition, both militant and sporting, has allowed many people to
access sport and sometimes to practice it at a high level, but also to
actively invest in the life of their team and their club.
But this investment can weigh heavily on individuals, and in some cases
a desire for recognition can translate into a desire to institutionalize
the discipline. This new context may seem incompatible with the militant
commitment that characterizes roller derby: if the French team can
commit to trans people, it is because it does not fall under the
Ministry of Sports.
For those who defend institutionalization, this should bring more
resources, allow people to become professionals and better support for
players.
We should have a new look, we would wear our name on our jersey and a
less fanciful number for example.
We should surely also comply with the classic rules of sport, that is to
say a distinction within teams by sex as recognized by the
administration and not by gender as self-determined by people, an
overarching hierarchy that could limit militant practices and
unfortunately lead to degraded support for people invested in this sport.
We can also recall the state of women's sport in other more established
disciplines, where practitioners are only just starting to get paid
without really becoming professionals.
We can also point out that the #MeToo movement in sport has not spared
roller derby.
This is not surprising when we consider the structural violence in our
societies. On the other hand, the reaction was virulent enough to lead
to a series of resignations at the top of the French Roller and
Skateboard Federation (FFRS)[2].
The players wearing a star-shaped helmet cover are the jammers, and
their mission is to overtake the opposing team as many times as possible
on the track in order to score points. The blockers will complicate the
task by occupying the space and going into contact with them. It is
allowed to block an opponent with any part of the body located between
the shoulders and mid-thighs, with the exception of the elbows, forearms
and hands.
Oklarsson - Creative Commons Attribution - Share Alike 3.0 (not transposed)
Suggest an alternative
Roller derby remains a space to defend as well as a space for debate and
innovation. This sport continues to evolve and now welcomes a new
generation with the creation of a junior league. This evolution has led
to new practices to protect these new people.
A progressiveness in contacts according to age and level has thus been
put in place and similarly rules to supervise interactions between
adults and minors concerning for example the separation of locker rooms.
Clubs wishing to create a junior team must also mobilize to train these
new recruits, which represents an additional investment of time and
energy. It is also necessary to communicate with parents who, although
well-intentioned, are not always activists or always aware of the
political dimension of roller derby.
New people arrive and invest this space, opening this sport to new
challenges to maintain itself and keep its militant strength, where
meetings are the occasion for rich exchanges.
If a demonstration takes place after an event, solidarity is organized
to join the procession after the last match.
Athletics and strategy meet in the derby strong values of mutual aid,
kindness and care. It is about surpassing oneself in a radically
fair-play spirit. But then, will there be roller derby at the 2024 Olympics?
It is not on the program, and to attend a match you will have to go to a
municipal gymnasium near you. Too complicated, too committed, too queer,
the reasons are numerous and this is surely the interest of this sport:
to offer an alternative.
Roller derby is developing your physical capacities and your humanity
with radicalism. With more than 4,500 members in 2024 and more than 50
leagues in France, this sport will continue to evolve and who knows,
maybe you too will be there at the match before the demonstration!
Angela Merguez
Roller Derby, instructions for use
Roller derby has many rules aimed, among other things, at making the
practice as safe as possible for participants. We could really take
hours to detail them, but we will try to limit ourselves to a few lines.
Derby is therefore a contact sport on skates and in teams that is played
on an oval track, the track!
Each match is divided into jams of 2 minutes maximum. For each jam, four
blockers per team are lined up on the track. Behind them, there are the
two jammers, always one per team. They are the ones who score the points!
At the first whistle, the jammers set off. As soon as one of the jammers
has passed the blockers, they have to do a lap to start scoring points.
Each opposing blocker that they pass then earns them a point. A jam may
be short, but the effort required is intense. Fortunately, 30 seconds
are set aside to change lines: the players who were on the track are
replaced by their teammates!
To ensure that everything goes smoothly, there are two people on foot:
the line-up, who organizes the lines, and the bench, who guides their
team's strategy. After two 30-minute halves, the team that scores the
most points wins!
With a 15-minute half, that's an hour and fifteen minutes of
concentration and sometimes brutal physical effort. So a lot of referees
are needed on the field to follow a large number of very fast actions
and ensure safety on the track: up to 17 referees, 7 on skates and 10
without skates.
The work is also done upstream by training players. To participate in a
match, the club must ensure that these people have the know-how and
basic theoretical knowledge necessary to not endanger others and not to
endanger themselves, what we call MS, Minimum Skills.
Validate
[1]"Concern for others, care, attention, solicitude, none of these
possible translations taken in isolation does justice to the
interweaving of practices which, at different levels, allow us to
"maintain, perpetuate, repair our "world", so that we can live in it as
well as possible"", Dictionnaire des féministes, under the direction of
Christine Bard, PUF.
[2]"Sexual violence: resignation of the president of the Fédération de
roller et skateboard", Le Monde, March 6, 2020.
https://www.unioncommunistelibertaire.org/?Roller-derby-Construire-un-sport-feministe-et-queer
_________________________________________
A - I N F O S N E W S S E R V I C E
By, For, and About Anarchists
Send news reports to A-infos-en mailing list
A-infos-en@ainfos.ca
goes fast, it jostles, the colors are garish, hard to follow at first.
So, sport or spectacle? Do these people only take to the skates for the
love of flashy outfits and puns? Or is all this just a pretext to quench
their thirst for competition and violence? Besides, will we be able to
find this sport at the Olympics?
In the beginning was roller derby! The origins of this sport are
sometimes traced back to the beginning of the 20th century. This is a
long tradition of endurance races or games on skates. It was in the
mid-1930s in the United States that a businessman had the idea of having
teams compete in races.
In the context of the Great Depression, participants flocked and were
desperate to win prizes.
Very quickly, the teams blocked, creating strategies that were
incorporated into the sport. Everything was filmed and broadcast on
television. Speed and aggression served the spectacle. The actions were
theatrical and wearing protection or respecting the rules were optional.
But these games ended up disappearing in the 1970s. Until then, we were
far from a committed and emancipatory sport.
In the 1950s, the first version of roller derby filled stadiums in the
United States and its matches were broadcast on television. The rules
aimed at protecting the participants were not really a priority.
Aumuller, Al
From capitalist origins to a feminist and militant sport
Roller derby as we know it was born later. It all started in the early
2000s in Austin, Texas. Women and queer people were inspired by this
tradition of roller sports to appropriate it. They created their own
rules, but above all, they founded collectives. In this way, they
invested a space that was hostile to them, that of sport, which is more
a sliding and contact sport.
Their practice remains marginal: as for other women's sports, funding is
rare and low, especially for a discipline that does not correspond to
the marketing codes of "women's" sport.
Yet nothing works, more than an appropriation, a sport is born. To do
this, they had to write their own rules, find places to train, develop
strategies, a real organization that tends towards self-management and
is based on communication and care.
Among these people, Shauna Cross wrote a novel about a young
roller-skating athlete: Derby Girl (2007), then the screenplay for the
film Bliss (Whip It!) directed by Drew Barrimore in 2009. Actor Elliot
Page plays a young woman who frees herself from her mother's
expectations of femininity. It's an opportunity to quickly discover the
rules, but above all the camaraderie, the appropriation of the sport by
people who are usually excluded or relegated to the role of foils, and
also a punk and camp aesthetic.
After the release of this film, roller derby almost became part of
popular culture. From the 2010s, roller derby even took root in France.
This sport remains confidential and the Covid epidemic is undermining
local clubs, but the magic continues.
Each match takes place on the track, a track approximately 4 meters wide
on which the players move. In the center and around the track, we find
the many referees, on foot or on skates
Brian & Jay newbz - CC BY 2.0
Abracadacab
A sport based on complex rules (see box) and requiring a wide range of
athletic skills, roller derby is also much more. Besides, you don't
necessarily need to skate to "play derby". For a team sport, contact and
speed to go well, you need more than two teams.
The many rules that govern the matches are mainly aimed at minimizing
the risks during contact between players. Refereeing is strict, and if
teams can discuss a decision after the fact by requesting an "Official
Review", any too virulent challenge by the referees from a player can
quickly be punished with a penalty for insubordination.
GuillaumeG - Creative Commons Attribution - Share Alike 3.0 (not transposed)
First, we need referees, lots of referees! Striped referees on skates
and black referees on foot. In an anti-ableist approach, each volunteer
can find their place and the characteristics of each player are taken
into account by the referees, for example for the hearing impaired. We
also need volunteers, because every aspect of organizing a match and the
life of a club is provided voluntarily by its members.
Special Report - Roller derby: Building a feminist and queer sport
It is often the spectacular aspect of roller derby that we remember. It
goes fast, it jostles, the colors are garish, hard to follow at first.
So, sport or spectacle? Do these people only take to the skates for the
love of flashy outfits and puns? Or is all this just a pretext to quench
their thirst for competition and violence? Besides, will we be able to
find this sport at the Olympics?
In the beginning was roller derby! The origins of this sport are
sometimes traced back to the beginning of the 20th century. This is a
long tradition of endurance races or games on skates. It was in the
mid-1930s in the United States that a businessman had the idea of having
teams compete in races.
In the context of the Great Depression, participants flocked and were
desperate to win prizes.
Very quickly, the teams blocked, creating strategies that were
incorporated into the sport. Everything was filmed and broadcast on
television. Speed and aggression served the spectacle. The actions were
theatrical and wearing protection or respecting the rules were optional.
But these games ended up disappearing in the 1970s. Until then, we were
far from a committed and emancipatory sport.
In the 1950s, the first version of roller derby filled stadiums in the
United States and its matches were broadcast on television. The rules
aimed at protecting the participants were not really a priority.
Aumuller, Al
From capitalist origins to a feminist and militant sport
Roller derby as we know it was born later. It all started in the early
2000s in Austin, Texas. Women and queer people were inspired by this
tradition of roller sports to appropriate it. They created their own
rules, but above all, they founded collectives. In this way, they
invested a space that was hostile to them, that of sport, which is more
a sliding and contact sport.
Their practice remains marginal: as for other women's sports, funding is
rare and low, especially for a discipline that does not correspond to
the marketing codes of "women's" sport.
Yet nothing works, more than an appropriation, a sport is born. To do
this, they had to write their own rules, find places to train, develop
strategies, a real organization that tends towards self-management and
is based on communication and care.
Among these people, Shauna Cross wrote a novel about a young
roller-skating athlete: Derby Girl (2007), then the screenplay for the
film Bliss (Whip It!) directed by Drew Barrimore in 2009. Actor Elliot
Page plays a young woman who frees herself from her mother's
expectations of femininity. It's an opportunity to quickly discover the
rules, but above all the camaraderie, the appropriation of the sport by
people who are usually excluded or relegated to the role of foils, and
also a punk and camp aesthetic.
After the release of this film, roller derby almost became part of
popular culture. From the 2010s, roller derby even took root in France.
This sport remains confidential and the Covid epidemic is undermining
local clubs, but the magic continues.
Each match takes place on the track, a track approximately 4 meters wide
on which the players move. In the center and around the track, we find
the many referees, on foot or on skates
Brian & Jay newbz - CC BY 2.0
Abracadacab
A sport based on complex rules (see box) and requiring a wide range of
athletic skills, roller derby is also much more. Besides, you don't
necessarily need to skate to "play derby". For a team sport, contact and
speed to go well, you need more than two teams.
The many rules that govern the matches are mainly aimed at minimizing
the risks during contact between players. Refereeing is strict, and if
teams can discuss a decision after the fact by requesting an "Official
Review", any too virulent challenge by the referees from a player can
quickly be punished with a penalty for insubordination.
GuillaumeG - Creative Commons Attribution - Share Alike 3.0 (not transposed)
First, we need referees, lots of referees! Striped referees on skates
and black referees on foot. In an anti-ableist approach, each volunteer
can find their place and the characteristics of each player are taken
into account by the referees, for example for the hearing impaired. We
also need volunteers, because every aspect of organizing a match and the
life of a club is provided voluntarily by its members.
Due to its activist origins, modern roller derby quickly questioned the
gender separation of its teams. Conceived from the outset as a women's
sport, most derby teams today are in a chosen mix without cisgender men.
The French team defines itself as a women's team + and includes several
trans people.
It has not failed to show its support for trans people in the context of
transphobic legislative proposals in recent months. The contours of this
chosen mix remain the result of regular discussions within the teams
with the aim of preserving spaces where everyone can find their place.
It is about finding an identity and expressing oneself politically,
which also involves jersey numbers and names, also called derby names.
In addition to the numbers 666, or 404, there are many 1312 (ACAB) and
other 161 (AFA).
In the same way, derby names also allow people to express themselves, to
appropriate an identity often rich in wordplay like Noh'Passar'Ass and
other Abracadacab. Always committed and with a concern for inclusivity,
roller derby also tolerates cisgender men in "All Gender" teams.
Institutionalize but at what price?
This sport requires a significant collective and personal investment. In
exchange, people who invest in it find a caring space in which to
flourish. It is an open space for people who have been excluded from
sport until now.
Care[1]and active listening thus play a central role in creating
powerful bonds of solidarity.
This tradition, both militant and sporting, has allowed many people to
access sport and sometimes to practice it at a high level, but also to
actively invest in the life of their team and their club.
But this investment can weigh heavily on individuals, and in some cases
a desire for recognition can translate into a desire to institutionalize
the discipline. This new context may seem incompatible with the militant
commitment that characterizes roller derby: if the French team can
commit to trans people, it is because it does not fall under the
Ministry of Sports.
For those who defend institutionalization, this should bring more
resources, allow people to become professionals and better support for
players.
We should have a new look, we would wear our name on our jersey and a
less fanciful number for example.
We should surely also comply with the classic rules of sport, that is to
say a distinction within teams by sex as recognized by the
administration and not by gender as self-determined by people, an
overarching hierarchy that could limit militant practices and
unfortunately lead to degraded support for people invested in this sport.
We can also recall the state of women's sport in other more established
disciplines, where practitioners are only just starting to get paid
without really becoming professionals.
We can also point out that the #MeToo movement in sport has not spared
roller derby.
This is not surprising when we consider the structural violence in our
societies. On the other hand, the reaction was virulent enough to lead
to a series of resignations at the top of the French Roller and
Skateboard Federation (FFRS)[2].
The players wearing a star-shaped helmet cover are the jammers, and
their mission is to overtake the opposing team as many times as possible
on the track in order to score points. The blockers will complicate the
task by occupying the space and going into contact with them. It is
allowed to block an opponent with any part of the body located between
the shoulders and mid-thighs, with the exception of the elbows, forearms
and hands.
Oklarsson - Creative Commons Attribution - Share Alike 3.0 (not transposed)
Suggest an alternative
Roller derby remains a space to defend as well as a space for debate and
innovation. This sport continues to evolve and now welcomes a new
generation with the creation of a junior league. This evolution has led
to new practices to protect these new people.
A progressiveness in contacts according to age and level has thus been
put in place and similarly rules to supervise interactions between
adults and minors concerning for example the separation of locker rooms.
Clubs wishing to create a junior team must also mobilize to train these
new recruits, which represents an additional investment of time and
energy. It is also necessary to communicate with parents who, although
well-intentioned, are not always activists or always aware of the
political dimension of roller derby.
New people arrive and invest this space, opening this sport to new
challenges to maintain itself and keep its militant strength, where
meetings are the occasion for rich exchanges.
If a demonstration takes place after an event, solidarity is organized
to join the procession after the last match.
Athletics and strategy meet in the derby strong values of mutual aid,
kindness and care. It is about surpassing oneself in a radically
fair-play spirit. But then, will there be roller derby at the 2024 Olympics?
It is not on the program, and to attend a match you will have to go to a
municipal gymnasium near you. Too complicated, too committed, too queer,
the reasons are numerous and this is surely the interest of this sport:
to offer an alternative.
Roller derby is developing your physical capacities and your humanity
with radicalism. With more than 4,500 members in 2024 and more than 50
leagues in France, this sport will continue to evolve and who knows,
maybe you too will be there at the match before the demonstration!
Angela Merguez
Roller Derby, instructions for use
Roller derby has many rules aimed, among other things, at making the
practice as safe as possible for participants. We could really take
hours to detail them, but we will try to limit ourselves to a few lines.
Derby is therefore a contact sport on skates and in teams that is played
on an oval track, the track!
Each match is divided into jams of 2 minutes maximum. For each jam, four
blockers per team are lined up on the track. Behind them, there are the
two jammers, always one per team. They are the ones who score the points!
At the first whistle, the jammers set off. As soon as one of the jammers
has passed the blockers, they have to do a lap to start scoring points.
Each opposing blocker that they pass then earns them a point. A jam may
be short, but the effort required is intense. Fortunately, 30 seconds
are set aside to change lines: the players who were on the track are
replaced by their teammates!
To ensure that everything goes smoothly, there are two people on foot:
the line-up, who organizes the lines, and the bench, who guides their
team's strategy. After two 30-minute halves, the team that scores the
most points wins!
With a 15-minute half, that's an hour and fifteen minutes of
concentration and sometimes brutal physical effort. So a lot of referees
are needed on the field to follow a large number of very fast actions
and ensure safety on the track: up to 17 referees, 7 on skates and 10
without skates.
The work is also done upstream by training players. To participate in a
match, the club must ensure that these people have the know-how and
basic theoretical knowledge necessary to not endanger others and not to
endanger themselves, what we call MS, Minimum Skills.
Validate
[1]"Concern for others, care, attention, solicitude, none of these
possible translations taken in isolation does justice to the
interweaving of practices which, at different levels, allow us to
"maintain, perpetuate, repair our "world", so that we can live in it as
well as possible"", Dictionnaire des féministes, under the direction of
Christine Bard, PUF.
[2]"Sexual violence: resignation of the president of the Fédération de
roller et skateboard", Le Monde, March 6, 2020.
https://www.unioncommunistelibertaire.org/?Roller-derby-Construire-un-sport-feministe-et-queer
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